Effects of Institutional Quality on Environmental Protection in CEMAC Countries

Institutional quality, employment, FDI and environmental degradation in developing countries: evidence from the balanced panel GMM estimator

“…To the best of our knowledge, the effectiveness of institutional performance has played an indispensable role in reducing CO 2 emissions and improving environmental quality. However, developing countries today face major challenges in dealing with pollutants, as the majority of CO 2 emissions still come from developing countries (Ahmed et al, 2020;Lau et al, 2014;Sah, 2021;Wawrzyniak and Dory n, 2020). In addition, the causes of pollutant emissions in developing countries are still unclear and controversial (Ha and Nguyen, 2021).…”

The impact of green FDI on environmental quality in less developed countries: A case study of load capacity factor based on PCSE and FGLS techniques

“…We added seven control variables directly linked to the EQ: Total GDP (GDP) at constant 2015 in US dollar [ [83] , [84] , [85] ]; Institution Quality (IQ) measured on a scale of from 1 to 5 [ [86] , [87] , [88] , [89] ]; Trade openness (Trade) measured as the sum of exports and imports on the GDP [ 90 , 91 ]; Population growth (POP) measured as annual growth percentage [ [92] , [93] , [94] ]; Energy Consumption (ENERGY) measured as energy use per person [ 95 ].…”

Towards environmental degradation mitigation: The role of regulatory quality, technological innovation and government effectiveness in the CEMAC countries

“…From a pragmatic perspective, the CEMAC states represent a particularly intriguing area of inquiry since the economic growth (EGC) and energy consumption (ENC) of these countries have increased exponentially, which has led to a higher level of ecological challenges [ 5 ]. Moreover, despite the numerous empirical analyses conducted from different economic blocks [ [6] , [7] , [8] ] a literature gap on factors that affect environmental pollution in the CEMAC regions.…”

“…[ 5 ], the assertion that the CEMAC states have to practice political pluralism to promote their governance system indicates a bright spot for these nations. Thus, the shift away from one party state has necessitated financial and economic reforms to strengthen RQ and GE, which should encourage greater environmental conservation policies and programs [ 5 ]. Hence, this research evaluates the influence of GE and RQ on EVD in the CEMAC states.…”