“…Curriculum elements or enhancements (specific pedagogy or content): for example, active learning environments, contextualized scaffolding, technology, labs/demos, writing (Adams et al, 2006;Beichner et al, 1999;Carlone, 2004;Chin & Brown, 2000;Crouch, Fagen, Callan, & Mazur, 2004;Hand, Hohenshell, & Prain, 2004;Harwood & McMahon, 1997;Haussler & Hoffmann, 2002;Labudde, Herzog, Neuenschwander, Violi, & Gerber, 2000;Lawrenz, Wood, Kirchhoff, Kim, & Eisenkraft, 2009;Tai et al, 2005;Von Secker & Lissitz, 1999). Classroom/school characteristics: for example, class size, single-sex, private/public, studentcentered (Gillibrand et al, 1999;Haussler & Hoffmann, 2002;Labudde et al, 2000;Wyss, Tai, & Sadler, 2007).…”