Effects of interactions between variation in dopaminergic genes, traumatic life events, and anomalous self-experiences on psychosis proneness: Results from a cross-sectional study in a nonclinical sample

Frydecka, Dorota; Kotowicz, Kamila; Gawęda, Łukasz; Starowicz-Filip, Anna; Kłosowska, Joanna; Rymaszewska, Joanna; Samochowiec, Agnieszka; Samochowiec, Jerzy; Podwalski, Piotr; Pawlak, Edyta; Szmida, Elżbieta; Cechnicki, Andrzej; Misiak, Błażej

doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.103

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…It consists of nine items assessing perceptual alterations, five items to investigate delusional ideation, paranoia and unusual thought, and two items to screen for attenuated negative symptoms. In our study, we used the Polish version of the questionnaire that was prepared using a back-translation procedure and was used in our several previous studies [ 6 , 12 , 18 ]. The original PQ-16 consists of two scales, where the first one records whether PLEs are “present” or “non-present”, and the second one assesses the level of distress associated with PLEs on a four-point Likert-like scale.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several models have been proposed so far in the development of PLEs, showing the association of genetic background [ 6 , 7 ], cannabis use [ 8 ], cognitive biases [ 9 , 10 ], self-disturbances [ 11 ], insecure attachment style [ 12 ] and early traumatic adversities [ 13 ] with the higher risk of PLEs [ 14 ]. Moreover, it has been reported that childhood trauma and PLEs are associated with increased suicidal risk in young adults [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Moderating Role of the FKBP5 Gene Polymorphisms in the Relationship between Attachment Style, Perceived Stress and Psychotic-like Experiences in Non-Clinical Young Adults

Stramecki

Misiak

Gawęda

et al. 2022

JCM

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Numerous studies have reported that stressful life experiences increase the risk of psychosis and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). Common variations of the FKBP5 gene have been reported to impact the risk of psychosis by moderating the effects of environmental exposures. Moreover, anxious and avoidant attachment styles have been shown to increase both the level of perceived stress and the risk for psychosis development. In the present cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate whether variants of the FKBP5 gene moderate the effects of attachment styles and the level of perceived stress on the development of PLEs. A total of 535 non-clinical undergraduates were genotyped for six FKBP5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3800373, rs9470080, rs4713902, rs737054, rs1360780 and rs9296158). The Psychosis Attachment Measure (PAM), the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and the Prodromal Questionnaire 16 (PQ-16) were administered to assess attachment styles, the level of perceived stress and PLEs, respectively. Anxious attachment style, lower levels of perceived self-efficacy and higher levels of perceived helplessness were associated with a significantly higher number of PLEs. The main effects of attachment style on the severity of PLEs were significant in models testing for the associations with perceived self-efficacy and three FKBP5 SNPs (rs1360780, rs9296158 and rs9470080). The main effect of rs38003733 on the number of PLEs was observed, with GG homozygotes reporting a significantly higher number of PLEs in comparison to T allele carriers. In individuals with dominant anxious attachment style, there was a significant effect of the interaction between the FKBP5 rs4713902 SNP and self-efficacy on the severity of PLEs. Among rs4713902 TT homozygotes, a low level of perceived self-efficacy was associated with higher severity of PLEs. In subjects with non-dominant anxious attachment, a low level of perceived self-efficacy was associated with a higher number of PLEs, regardless of the genotype. Our results indicate that the FKBP5 gene might moderate the relationship between attachment, perceived stress and PLEs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Moderating Role of the FKBP5 Gene Polymorphisms in the Relationship between Attachment Style, Perceived Stress and Psychotic-like Experiences in Non-Clinical Young Adults

Stramecki

Misiak

Gawęda

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…Such interaction can be defined as a genetic modulation of the sensitivity to environmental factors and/or environmental control of the gene expression (Kendler and Eaves, 1986). Numerous studies supported this hypothesis (Collip et al, 2013;Frydecka et al, 2020;Pries et al, 2020a), and particularly one from Caspi et al (2005), in which a significant interaction between cannabis use in adolescence and the genetic variant Val 158 Met in the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT, which metabolises dopamine) gene was found. In this study, in comparison to Val/Val genotype, Met/Met and Met/Val genotypes had a protective effect against the risk of psychotic symptoms and disorders among cannabis users (in the group of subjects without cannabis use, the rates of psychotic symptoms and disorders were similar according to the different genotypes).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In addition to increasing the risk for psychosis by GxE interactions, the PRS-SZ has also been associated with a greater risk of exposure to environmental risk factors for psychosis (Pingault et al, 2018). For instance, several studies have reported associations between the PRS-SZ and cannabis use (Gage et al, 2017;Pasman et al, 2018) or between the PRS-SZ and urbanicity (Colodro-Conde et al, 2018;Paksarian et al, 2018;Maxwell et al, 2021) or the level of neighbourhood deprivation and social fragmentation at birth (Solmi et al, 2020), challenging the traditional gene v. environment dichotomy. However, these observations could not explain the strength of the associations between cannabis use or urbanicity and the risk of psychotic disorders (Vassos et al, 2012;Di Forti et al, 2019a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and psychosocial stressors have independent effects on the level of subclinical psychosis: findings from the multinational EU-GEI study

Pignon

Peyre

Ayrolles

et al. 2022

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Gene x environment (G×E) interactions, i.e. genetic modulation of the sensitivity to environmental factors and/or environmental control of the gene expression, have not been reliably established regarding aetiology of psychotic disorders. Moreover, recent studies have shown associations between the polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia (PRS-SZ) and some risk factors of psychotic disorders, challenging the traditional gene v. environment dichotomy. In the present article, we studied the role of GxE interaction between psychosocial stressors (childhood trauma, stressful life-events, self-reported discrimination experiences and low social capital) and the PRS-SZ on subclinical psychosis in a population-based sample. Methods Data were drawn from the EUropean network of national schizophrenia networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study, in which subjects without psychotic disorders were included in six countries. The sample was restricted to European descendant subjects (n = 706). Subclinical dimensions of psychosis (positive, negative, and depressive) were measured by the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) scale. Associations between the PRS-SZ and the psychosocial stressors were tested. For each dimension, the interactions between genes and environment were assessed using linear models and comparing explained variances of ‘Genetic’ models (solely fitted with PRS-SZ), ‘Environmental’ models (solely fitted with each environmental stressor), ‘Independent’ models (with PRS-SZ and each environmental factor), and ‘Interaction’ models (Independent models plus an interaction term between the PRS-SZ and each environmental factor). Likelihood ration tests (LRT) compared the fit of the different models. Results There were no genes-environment associations. PRS-SZ was associated with positive dimensions (β = 0.092, R2 = 7.50%), and most psychosocial stressors were associated with all three subclinical psychotic dimensions (except social capital and positive dimension). Concerning the positive dimension, Independent models fitted better than Environmental and Genetic models. No significant GxE interaction was observed for any dimension. Conclusions This study in subjects without psychotic disorders suggests that (i) the aetiological continuum hypothesis could concern particularly the positive dimension of subclinical psychosis, (ii) genetic and environmental factors have independent effects on the level of this positive dimension, (iii) and that interactions between genetic and individual environmental factors could not be identified in this sample.

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“…Yet, our knowledge is still incomplete. The newest studies in the field have suggested the interaction between genetic, environmental factors, and cognitive biases in predicting the risk of psychosis [e.g., (15)]. Hence, further integration is warranted to gather new insights that may apply to clinical practice.…”

Section: Editorial On the Research Topic The Relationship Between Cognitive Biases And Psychosis: Searching For Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial: The Relationship Between Cognitive Biases and Psychosis: Searching for Mechanisms

et al. 2021

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Effects of interactions between variation in dopaminergic genes, traumatic life events, and anomalous self-experiences on psychosis proneness: Results from a cross-sectional study in a nonclinical sample

Abstract: Effects of interactions between variation in dopaminergic genes, traumatic life events and anomalous self-experiences on psychosis proneness: Results from a cross-sectional study in a non-clinical sample

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

The Moderating Role of the FKBP5 Gene Polymorphisms in the Relationship between Attachment Style, Perceived Stress and Psychotic-like Experiences in Non-Clinical Young Adults

The Moderating Role of the FKBP5 Gene Polymorphisms in the Relationship between Attachment Style, Perceived Stress and Psychotic-like Experiences in Non-Clinical Young Adults

Genetic and psychosocial stressors have independent effects on the level of subclinical psychosis: findings from the multinational EU-GEI study

Editorial: The Relationship Between Cognitive Biases and Psychosis: Searching for Mechanisms

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