It is indeed challenging to simultaneously enhance the
toughness,
thermal stability, and recyclability of epoxy resins. This study presents
an approach utilizing a hybrid hyperbranched polysiloxane (STHPSi)
structure, which incorporates Schiff base structures (comprising two
benzene rings bonded to imines), Si–O–Ar (aryl group)
segments, and abundant terminal sulfhydryl groups. This structure
was employed to fabricate high-quality hybrid epoxy resins (STHPSi/EP).
Experimental techniques including universal testing machines, dynamic
mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to assess the performance
of the resulting materials. The incorporation of the STHPSi structure
imparted a rigid-flexible nature to the epoxy resins, leading to remarkable
mechanical properties. Notably, STHPSi not only significantly improved
the impact strength by 59.8% and flexural strength by 20.6% but also
contributed to enhanced thermal properties. With a 6 wt % addition
of STHPSi, the thermal decomposition temperature at 5% weight loss
(T
d,5%), glass transition temperature
(T
g), and char residues of the hybrid
resins increased to 351.0 °C, 128.06 °C, and 9.55%, respectively.
Furthermore, the STHPSi/EP composites exhibited complete degradation
in 1,3-diaminopropane and the degraded substance was successfully
reintroduced into the epoxy matrix as a curing agent, facilitating
the recycling of waste epoxy resins. The recycled epoxy resins demonstrated
excellent mechanical properties, with the impact strength and flexural
strength reaching up to 15.3 kJ/m2 and 149.22 MPa, respectively,
and interesting luminescent characteristics. This study presents an
effective approach for the preparation and reutilization of high-performance
epoxy resins, addressing the critical challenges in enhancing their
properties and promoting sustainable materials development.