“…Using the micromechanics concept of eigenstrains, it is possible to introduce any arbitrary distribution of dislocations in a phase-field model, and it has been applied to the domain nucleation and spatial distribution. There have also been attempts to study the various factors that influence the coercive field in bulk single crystals, ceramics, and thin films, including existing domain walls, 26,60,61 twin wall width, 25,62 grain boundaries, [63][64][65] dislocations [66][67][68] as well as strain. 69 There have been a number of other recent developments in the applications of phase-field to ferroelectrics.…”