Effects of intervention with the SAFE strategy on trachoma across Ethiopia

Roba, Assegid Aga; Wondimu, Asfaw; Patel, Daksha; Zondervan, Marcia

doi:10.1136/jech.2009.094763

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Two other articles by Astle 2006 and Khandekar 2005 were not included because the antibiotic distribution was not in the capacity of an MDA to the entire community and was only distributed to certain individuals during trachoma prevalence screening [6, 8, 10]. Four more articles evaluating the comprehensive SAFE strategy Ngondi 2006, 2008 and 2010 as well as Roba 2010 were excluded because the assessment did not specifically look at the added value of the SAFE components to each other [8–12, 14]. The remaining three studies were considered and accepted for inclusion in the review (Cumberland 2008, Khandekar 2006, and Lansingh 2010) [13–15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Added Value of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions to Mass Drug Administration for Reducing the Prevalence of Trachoma: A Systematic Review Examining

Travers

Strasser

Palmer

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Trachoma is the leading cause of infectious blindness worldwide. The SAFE strategy, the World Health Organization-recommended method to eliminate blinding trachoma, combines developments in water, sanitation, surgery, and antibiotic treatment. Current literature does not focus on the comprehensive effect these components have on one another. The present systematic review analyzes the added benefit of water, sanitation, and hygiene education interventions to preventive mass drug administration of azithromycin for trachoma. Trials were identified from the PubMed database using a series of search terms. Three studies met the complete criteria for inclusion. Though all studies found a significant change in reduction of active trachoma prevalence, the research is still too limited to suggest the impact of the “F” and “E” components on trachoma prevalence and ultimately its effects on blindness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Added Value of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions to Mass Drug Administration for Reducing the Prevalence of Trachoma: A Systematic Review Examining

Travers

Strasser

Palmer

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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“…Australia is a signatory to the Alliance for the Global The World Health Organization endorses the SAFE Strategy, which has been shown to be an effective tool in reducing blinding trachoma (Kuper et al 2003;Roba et al 2011). The components of the SAFE strategy are Surgery for trichiasis, Antibiotics to treat active infection, Facial cleanliness and Environmental improvements to sustain reduction of transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trachoma elimination in remote Indigenous Northern Territory communities: baseline health-promotion study

Lange

Baunach

McKenzie

et al. 2014

Aust. J. Prim. Health

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Abstract. Identify trachoma knowledge, attitudes and practice of staff in clinics, schools and community workplace settings to optimise trachoma-elimination health-promotion programs in the Katherine West Health Board region of the Northern Territory. Prior to the introduction of a suite of health promotion resources the Indigenous Eye Health Unit and Katherine West Health Board conducted a baseline survey of open, multi-choice and closed questions regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices in relation to trachoma with 72 staff members over a 6-month period in 2010À11. Data were analysed for differences between settings. Two significant barriers and one enabling factor were identified. One in five staff members in clinics and 29% of staff members in schools were unaware they lived and worked in a trachoma-endemic area. One-third of school staff and 38% of clinic staff considered it normal for children to have dirty faces. However, the majority of participants felt comfortable talking about hygiene issues with others. The presence of dirty faces in young Indigenous children underpins the continuing prevalence of trachoma. Increasing the awareness of the health effects of children's nasal and ocular secretions and changing community acceptance of dirty faces as the norm will reduce the risk of trachoma and other childhood infections. Staff in clinics, schools and community work settings can play a role in trachoma elimination by actively encouraging clean faces whenever they are dirty and by including face washing in holistic hygiene and health education. Staff in schools may need additional support. Trachoma-elimination health promotion should increase awareness of trachoma prevalence and encourage all who work and live in remote Indigenous communities to take action to promote facial cleanliness and good hygiene practices.

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“…[69] found that all indicators for the SAFE strategy, except for surgery, showed a statistically significant effect. Other recent studies have shown risk factors such as water, flies, lack of latrines, face washing less than once per day, and lack of access to safe water sources (within 30 minutes of walking distance) to be associated with active clinical trachoma.…”

Section: Environmental and Social Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other recent studies have shown risk factors such as water, flies, lack of latrines, face washing less than once per day, and lack of access to safe water sources (within 30 minutes of walking distance) to be associated with active clinical trachoma. [7,69-72]. Studies have associated some of the following risk factors clinically active trachoma: living in indigenous, mobile communities[73], isolated households whose distance is > 1400 meters from social gathering sites[74], and hot temperatures[75].…”

Section: Environmental and Social Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trachoma

Bhosai

Bailey

Gaynor

et al. 2012

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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Purpose of review To review recent clinical and epidemiological studies regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of trachoma. Recent Findings Newer studies propose novel diagnostic tests that appear sensitive for the detection of ocular chlamydial infection. Immunologic studies suggest that chronic inflammation can lead to progressive scarring, even in the absence of chlamydia. Confocal microscopy can obtain accurate grading of scarring progression. Mass oral azithromycin distributions remain a mainstay of treatment; studies have assessed the appropriate frequency and duration of treatment programs. Current studies have also explored ancillary effects of azithromycin distribution on mortality and bacterial infections. Summary Trachoma programs have had remarkable success at reducing chlamydial infection and clinical signs of trachoma. Recent work suggests improved methods to monitor infection and scarring, and better ways to distribute treatment. While studies continue to demonstrate reduction in infection in hyperendemic areas, more work will need to be done to achieve elimination of this blinding disease.

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Effects of intervention with the SAFE strategy on trachoma across Ethiopia

Abstract: Considerable decline in the magnitude of trachoma and its risk factors was observed in areas where the SAFE strategy was implemented. The coverage of services should be maintained or improved in order to eliminate blinding trachoma by the year 2020.

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

The Added Value of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions to Mass Drug Administration for Reducing the Prevalence of Trachoma: A Systematic Review Examining

The Added Value of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions to Mass Drug Administration for Reducing the Prevalence of Trachoma: A Systematic Review Examining

Trachoma elimination in remote Indigenous Northern Territory communities: baseline health-promotion study

Trachoma

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