Effects of Intraosseous Implantation of Silica-based Bioactive Glass Particles on Rat Kidney under Experimental Renal Failure

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of intraosseous implantation of silica-based bioactive glass (BG) particles on rat kidney under experimental renal failure. The animals are assigned to one of the two groups: renal failure (RF) and renal failure + bioactive glass (RF + BG). Particles of melt-derived 45S5 BG are implanted in the marrow of one tibia of each animal in the RF + BG group. The animals are killed 24 h and 14 days postimplantation. The RF + BG group exhibits a statistically significant increase in serum urea 24 h postimplantation. The tibiae of the RF + BG group are resected and embedded in methyl-methacrylate resin. Ground sections are analyzed by light microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The presence of silicon, calcium, and phosphorus is evaluated in the BG particles. A 55% reduction in silicon content is observed at 14 days postimplantation as compared with that at 24 h.Light microscopy analysis reveals lesions in kidney parenchyma. Hyperplasia associated with nuclear vacuolization in the tubules and a marked thickening of the basal membrane are observed in the renal cortex of the RF + BG animals killed at 24 h postimplantation, but not in those at 14 days. The present results demonstrate reversible renal cell injury in rats exposed to intraosseous implantation of silica-based BG particles under experimental RF.

Porous silicon in drug delivery devices and materials☆

“…The soluble forms of SiO 2 exist as various silicic acid compounds with the ortho-silicate ion as the basic building block (Eq. (3)), and these oxides can be toxic in high doses [56][57][58]. Because the body can handle and eliminate silicic acid, the important issue with porous Si-based drug delivery systems is the rate at which they degrade and resorb [12,14,15,59,60].…”

“…(2) and (3)), thereby requiring no further surgery to recover the device. Although silicic acid can be cytotoxic [56][57][58]64,65], apparently the resorption rate is slow enough under physiologic conditions that the concentration of free silicic acid does not reach toxic levels.…”

Research on implants and osseointegration

“…Our group also conducted experimental research on the effect of silica‐based BG particles on renal function. We demonstrated reversible renal cell injury in rats exposed to intraosseous implantation of silica‐based BG particles, under experimental renal failure …”