Effects of intrauterine latent iron deficiency on auditory neural maturation in full-term newborns

Pallone, Leticia Valerio; Jesus, Felipe Alves de; Gonçalves, Gláucia Helena; Navarra, Laura Carvalho; Melo, Débora Gusmão; Ferreira, Rodrigo Alves; Germano, Carla Maria Ramos

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2018.08.007

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Of those assessing the impact of ID in pregnancy/in utero, two studies measured maternal ID, one measured maternal IDA, three measured ID in cord blood at delivery and one study measured ID in both maternal and cord blood. Cord blood ID was defined as either ferritin <75 μg/L [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] or zinc protopophyrin (ZPP) >188 μmol/mol [ 26 ]. There was no consistency in the definition of maternal ID, although all studies measured ferritin concentration with [ 27 , 28 ] or without [ 24 , 29 ] a measure of inflammation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behavioural assessment tools included the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID) [ 43 ], the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) [ 44 ] and the Wechsler Pre-school and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) [ 45 ]. Several studies (observational ( n = 8), supplementation ( n = 6)) used objective measures of brain structure or function, including assessments of visual or auditory physiological responses [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 36 , 40 , 46 , 47 ], structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [ 29 ], eye-blink rates [ 48 ] and nerve conduction velocity [ 49 ]. Other methods of assessment included parent-reported behaviours, for example achieved motor milestones [ 50 ], language production [ 37 ] or problematic behaviours [ 37 , 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurophysiological assessments were used in four studies [23][24][25]29]. All four studies reported positive associations between iron status and infant responses.…”

Section: Neurophysiological Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Iron in Brain Development: A Systematic Review

2020

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One-third of children falter in cognitive development by pre-school age. Iron plays an important role in many neurodevelopmental processes, and animal studies suggest that iron sufficiency in pregnancy and infancy is particularly important for neurodevelopment. However, it is not clear whether iron deficiency directly impacts developmental outcomes, and, if so, whether impact differs by timing of exposure or developmental domain. We searched four databases for studies on iron deficiency or iron supplementation in pregnancy, or at 0–6 months, 6–24 months, or 2–4 years of age. All studies included neurodevelopmental assessments in infants or children up to 4 years old. We then qualitatively synthesized the literature. There was no clear relationship between iron status and developmental outcomes across any of the time windows or domains included. We identified a large quantity of low-quality studies, significant heterogeneity in study design and a lack of research focused on pregnancy and early infancy. In summary, despite good mechanistic evidence for the role of iron in brain development, evidence for the impact of iron deficiency or iron supplementation on early development is inconsistent. Further high-quality research is needed, particularly within pregnancy and early infancy, which has previously been neglected.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Iron in Brain Development: A Systematic Review

2020

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“…One hundred and sixty-five (165) newborns, out of 235 eligible ones, agreed to participate in all the stages of the study. A registration form, validated in a previous study from the same group, was completed with maternal and newborn perinatal information obtained from medical records and interviews with mothers [ 18 ]. All newborns underwent hearing screening using the otoacoustic emission test (OAE) and those who passed in this screening underwent audiological evaluation based on the ABR test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formula was used to calculate the sample size necessary to find a clinically meaningful difference in Wave I values with 95% confidence and a probability of 10% (power 90%) for the occurrence of a Type II error (β risk), resulting in a sample size equal to 21 for each group (total sample = 42). For Effect size (ES) determination (ES = (μ1-μ2)/σ), the relevant mean difference for ABR waves (μ1-μ2) was established as 0.1, and σ was 0.1, based on clinically relevant differences in ABR waves described in the literature [ 18 ]). Data are presented as mean ± SD, median (minimum-maximum), or percentage, depending on the variable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal thyrotropin levels and auditory neural maturation in full-term newborns

et al. 2021

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Objective This study aimed to look for a possible relationship between thyrotropin (TSH) values from neonatal bloodspot screening testing and newborn lower auditory pathway myelinization evaluated using the brainstem evoked response audiometry (ABR) test. Methods Sixty-two healthy full-term newborns without perinatal problems were enrolled in the study. TSH results were collected from neonatal bloodspot screening data and were below the test cut-off level (15μUI/mL). The TSH test was performed between three and seven days, and the ABR test was performed in the first 28 days of life. The newborns were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 35), TSH between 0 and 5μUI/mL, and group 2 (n = 27), TSH between 5 and 15μUI/mL. Data are presented as mean ± SD, median, or percentage, depending on the variable. Results Wave latency and interpeak interval values for Groups 1 and 2 were as follows: Wave I: 1.8 ± 0.1 and 1.7 ± 0.1; Wave III: 4.4 ± 0.1 and 4.4 ± 0.1; Wave V: 6.9 ± 0.1 and 6.9 ± 0.1; interval I–III: 2.6 ± 0.1 and 2.6 ± 0.1; interval I–V: 5.1 ± 0.1 and 5.1 ± 0.1; interval III–V: 2.4 ± 0.1 and 2.4 ± 0.1. There were no significant differences in ABR parameters between groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed a slight significant negative correlation between TSH and wave I values (standardized β = −0.267; p = 0.036), without observing any relationship with the other ABR waves recorded. Conclusions This study investigated the relationship of TSH and auditory myelinization evaluated by ABR. It did not show a significant change in lower auditory pathway myelinization according to TSH levels in newborns with TSH screening levels lower than 15 μUI/mL.

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