Effects of intravenous, low-dose ketamine-diazepam sedation on the results of hematologic, plasma biochemical, and coagulation analyses in cats

Reynolds, Brice S; Geffré, Anne; Bourgès‐Abella, Nathalie; Vaucoret, Sophie; Mourot, Maité; Braun, Jean-Pierre; Trumel, Catherine

doi:10.2460/javma.240.3.287

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Several recent studies in cats using similar, although not identical, anesthetic protocols have shown blood work alterations when comparing preand post-induction samples. [13][14][15] However, while statistical differences in biochemical analytes were noted in these studies, they were not clinically significant. 14,15…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Biochemical survey of free-roaming cats (Felis catus) in New York City presented to a trap–neuter–return program

Wycislo

Connolly

Slater

et al. 2013

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Free-roaming cats in New York, NY, USA, that presented to a trap-neuter-return program were surveyed for biochemical data. One hundred and one cats had blood collected for a plasma biochemistry panel after the induction of surgical anesthesia. Reference intervals for 18 analytes were generated for the sample population, along with age-specific reference intervals when statistically appropriate. Age groups (juveniles and adults) differed in 10 of the 18 analytes measured, including protein levels and albumin/globulin ratio, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, creatinine, phosphorus, calcium and potassium. No differences were found between males and females. This is the first report of biochemical reference intervals for a group of free-roaming cats within the USA.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Biochemical survey of free-roaming cats (Felis catus) in New York City presented to a trap–neuter–return program

Wycislo

Connolly

Slater

et al. 2013

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…The method of anaesthesia was different in each population, where MLR koalas were anaesthetised with injectable agents while KI koalas were anaesthetised by isoflurane gas. Both injectable agents in cats and isoflurane in sheep and flying foxes have been shown to reduce erythrocyte and leucocyte values compared to when animals were unanaesthetised. However, to our knowledge, there has been no direct comparison of injectable and inhalational agents on haematological values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological reference intervals of wild southern Australian koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)

et al. 2020

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Objective Current haematology reference intervals (RIs) for koalas were developed in northern Australian koalas, using low numbers and/or individuals of unknown Chlamydia pecorum and koala retrovirus (KoRV) status. This study developed haematological RIs for wild, clinically healthy southern Australian koalas of known C. pecorum and KoRV infection status and investigated the effects of population, age and sex.Methods Haematological RIs were determined for 138 clinically healthy South Australian koalas (Mount Lofty Ranges [MLR], n = 68; Kangaroo Island, n = 70) examined in April 2016 and February 2017, respectively. C. pecorum and KoRV status were determined by PCR.Results RIs for southern koala haematological parameters were established for all koalas based on the finding that there were limited differences in haematological values in koalas with subclinical C. pecorum or KoRV infections (P > 0.05), except KoRVinfected koalas had a lower haematocrit than noninfected koalas. MLR koalas had significantly lower erythrocyte mass and leucocyte counts than Kangaroo Island koalas. Young koalas had significantly lower haemoglobin, haematocrit and higher mean cellular haemoglobin concentration and lymphocyte counts than adult koalas. MLR male koalas had elevated erythrocyte, leucocyte and neutrophil counts compared with MLR females. ConclusionThe haematological RIs developed in this study are based on a large number of clinically healthy koalas, where subclinical C. pecorum and KoRV infections had no effect on haematological values and will be a valuable tool during clinical examination and disease investigation by veterinarians and researchers Australia-wide.

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“…Firstly, all cats underwent sedation to ensure atraumatic jugular venipuncture and to harvest the required amount of blood for all analyses without interruption of blood flow. A previous study in cats found that ketamine may slightly increase prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time after intravenous administration in combination with diazepam [ 37 ]. However, the observed changes were small and likely not of clinical relevance [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study in cats found that ketamine may slightly increase prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time after intravenous administration in combination with diazepam [ 37 ]. However, the observed changes were small and likely not of clinical relevance [ 37 ]. Another study showed differences in kaolin-activated thromboelastographic tracings between non-sedated cats and those sedated with butorphanol and midazolam, with the latter having a mild increase in the rapidity of clot formation [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of 6 % hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 solution on feline whole blood coagulation measured by rotational thromboelastometry

Albrecht¹,

Howard

Kovačević

et al. 2016

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundThe artificial colloid, hydroxyethyl starch (HES), is recommended for intravascular volume expansion and colloid-osmotic pressure enhancement in dogs and cats. A well-known side effect of HES solutions in humans and dogs is coagulopathy. However, HES-associated coagulopathy has thus far not been investigated in cats. The goal of this study was to assess the in vitro effects of 6 % HES 130/0.42 on feline whole blood samples using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). A further goal was to develop feline reference intervals for ROTEM at our institution. In this in vitro experimental study, blood samples of 24 adult healthy cats were collected by atraumatic jugular phlebotomy following intramuscular sedation. Baseline ROTEM analyses (using ex-tem, in-tem and fib-tem assays) were performed in duplicate. Additionally, ROTEM analyses were performed on blood samples after dilution with either Ringer’s acetate (RA) or 6 % HES 130/0.42 (HES) in a 1:6 dilution (i.e. 1 part solution and 6 parts blood).ResultsCoefficients of variation of duplicate measures were below 12 % in all ex-tem assays, 3 of 4 in-tem assays but only 1 of 3 fib-tem assays. Reference intervals were similar albeit somewhat narrower than those previously published. Dilution with both solutions lead to significantly prolonged CT (in-tem), CFT (ex-tem and in-tem), and reduced MCF (ex-tem, in-tem, and fib-tem) and alpha (ex-tem and in-tem). Compared to RA, dilution with HES caused a significant prolongation of CT in fib-tem (P = 0.016), CFT in ex-tem (P = 0.017) and in-tem (P = 0.019), as well as a reduction in MCF in in-tem (P = 0.032) and fib-tem (P = 0.020), and alpha in ex-tem (P = 0.014). However, only a single parameter (CFT in ex-tem) was outside of the established reference interval after dilution with HES.ConclusionsIn vitro hemodilution of feline blood with RA and HES causes a small but significant impairment of whole blood coagulation, with HES leading to a significantly greater effect on coagulation than RA. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the in vivo effects and the clinical significance of these findings.

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Effects of intravenous, low-dose ketamine-diazepam sedation on the results of hematologic, plasma biochemical, and coagulation analyses in cats

Abstract: The IV, low-dose ketamine-diazepam combination used for short-duration chemical restraint in the present study may be suitable to assist physical restraint for blood sampling for assessment of hematologic, serum biochemical, and coagulation parameters in cats.

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Biochemical survey of free-roaming cats (Felis catus) in New York City presented to a trap–neuter–return program

Biochemical survey of free-roaming cats (Felis catus) in New York City presented to a trap–neuter–return program

Haematological reference intervals of wild southern Australian koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)

In vitro effects of 6 % hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 solution on feline whole blood coagulation measured by rotational thromboelastometry

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