Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Mammalian Cells

Little, John B.; Williams, Jerry R.

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp090108

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 186 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus this case represents an unusual phenomenon of acquired radiosensitivity. 14 The chromosome aberrations seen in this patient after radiotherapy are consistent with the effects of this agent on cells in vivo and in vitro. It is not known how these chromosomal aberrations relate to the development of the increased in-vitro radiosensitivity seen here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Fibroblast radiosensitivity and intraocular fibrovascular proliferation following radiotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma.

Albert¹,

Walton²,

Weichselbaum³

et al. 1986

British Journal of Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Fibroblast radiosensitivity and intraocular fibrovascular proliferation following radiotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma.

Albert¹,

Walton²,

Weichselbaum³

et al. 1986

British Journal of Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Within the dose range utilized in the experiments presented here, a major effect of ionizing radiation in most actively dividing cell systems is inhibition of cell mitosis [20]. However, the dose-response curves for inhibition of escape compared to inhibition of thymidine incorporation by y-irradiation were not superimposable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin interactions in bone: Irradiation-induced inhibition of escape in vitro

1982

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary. Calcitonin (CT) inhibits hormonally stimulated bone resorption only transiently in vitro. This phenomenon has been termed "escape," but the mechanism for the effect is not understood. One possible explanation is that bone cell differentiation and recruitment of specific precursor cells, in response to stimulators of resorption, lead to the appearance of osteoclasts that are unresponsive to CT. To test this hypothesis, cell proliferation in neonatal mouse calvaria in organ culture was inhibited by irradiation from a cobalt-60 source. At a dose of 6000 R, [:~H]thymidine incorporation into intact calvaria was inhibited approximately 90%. Irradiation had no effect on the resorptive response to 0.1 U/ml parathyroid hormone (PTH). However, irradiation induced a dose-dependent inhibition of the escape response which was maximal at 6000 R. A dose of 6000 R did not affect the binding of 1251-salmon CT to calvaria and decreased PTH stimulation of cyclic AMP release from bone without affecting the cyclic AMP response to CT. Although irradiation caused a dose-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis, the dose-response curves for that effect and inhibition of escape were not superimposable.A morphologic study of hormonally treated calvaria demonstrated that irradiation prevented the early increase in number of osteoclasts in PTHtreated calvaria that had been observed previously in unirradiated bones. Autoradiography showed that irradiation also prevented the PTH-stimulated recruitment of newly divided mononuclear cell precursors into osteoclasts. This may be correlated

show abstract

“…Several experiments have suggested that free radicals may be involved in the in vitro enhancement of transformation by tumor promoting agents (Kennedy, , 1985. It is also highly possible that the carcinogenic effects of complete carcinogens, including radiation (Little and Williams, 1977) and chemical carcinogens (Copeland, 1983), are due to the interaction of free radicals with cellular components. Protease inhibitors have been shown to inhibit the induction of O:2 and H202 by tumor promoting agents and other compounds (Goldstein et al, 1979;Kitagawa et al, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrene acts as a cocarcinogen with the carcinogens benzo [a] pyrene, ?-propiolactone and radiation in the induction of malignant transformation in cultured mouse fibroblasts; soybean extract containing the Bowman-Birk inhibitor acts as an anticarcinogen

Baturay

Kennedy

1986

Cell Biol Toxicol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pyrene was found to act as a cocarcinogen in the induction of transformation of cultured Balb/c3T3 cells by three different types of carcinogens: a direct acting chemical carcinogen, beta-propiolactone, a chemical carcinogen requiring metabolic activation, benzo[a]pyrene, and a physical carcinogen (60Co) gamma radiation. Since pyrene enhanced transformation in vitro by approximately the same amount for all the carcinogens tested, these results suggest that the carcinogenic action of pyrene is not related to carcinogen metabolism or uptake in vitro. An extract of soybeans containing the Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor was shown to reduce transformation induced by beta-propiolactone, benzo[a]pyrene and gamma-rays, both with and without the cocarcinogenic effect of pyrene, to background levels; the magnitude of the reduction in transformation by the protease inhibitor preparation was unrelated to the concentration of carcinogen. Neither the mechanism for the cocarcinogenic action of pyrene not the anticarcinogenic effect of the soybean extract is known, but several hypotheses are discussed.

show abstract

Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Mammalian Cells

Abstract: The sections in this article are: Physical and Chemical Events Development of Radiation Injury The Target Theory Direct and Indirect Effects, Radiation Chemistry Effects on Cell Division Division Delay Mitotic Inhibition (Reproductive Failure) … Show more

Cited by 12 publications

References 186 publications

Fibroblast radiosensitivity and intraocular fibrovascular proliferation following radiotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma.

Fibroblast radiosensitivity and intraocular fibrovascular proliferation following radiotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma.

Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin interactions in bone: Irradiation-induced inhibition of escape in vitro

Pyrene acts as a cocarcinogen with the carcinogens benzo [a] pyrene, ?-propiolactone and radiation in the induction of malignant transformation in cultured mouse fibroblasts; soybean extract containing the Bowman-Birk inhibitor acts as an anticarcinogen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About