Effects of Iron Oxide Nano-Particles on the Intestinal Tissue of Common Carp, Cyprinus Carpio

Abstract

Background: The application of nano-particles (NPs) in various industries is growing. Since their toxicity is not clearly understood, they can cause adverse effects on the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological effects of iron oxide nano-particles on the small intestine of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Methods: Four experimental treatments were designed (15 fish/treatment). Treatment 1 was the controls while Treatments 2, 3 and 4 were experimental. The experimental groups were exposed to 50, 75 and the 100 mg/L of iron oxide NPs, respectively. On days 14, 21 and 28, the fish were randomly picked from each tank, samples of the small intestine were dissected, and were examined for both the accumulation of the iron NPs and the tissue histopathologies. Results: The highest concentration of iron accumulation was detected for Treatment 3 on day 21, compared to all other treatment groups (p<0.05). However, iron accumulation in the tissue declined unexpectedly after day 21 despite the continued treatments at 100 mg/L of the iron NPs. The histopathological examinations revealed that the treatment beyond 21 days caused damages to the intestinal epithelial cells, including enterocytes, villi and the goblet cells. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the effect of iron oxide NPs on the small intestinal tissue was dependant on the dose and duration of exposure. We conclude that the iron accumulation in the small intestine declined despite increasing the iron oxide NPs concentration and the exposure duration secondary to damages caused to the intestinal epithelial cell layer.

Effect of Iron Nanoparticles on the Intestinal Bacterial Flora and Histology of the Intestine and Kidney in Stellate Sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771)

“…These included the shortening of intestinal villi, an increase in the number of mucus-secreting cells, and heightened mucosal secretions within the intestinal tract. This rise in mucus-secreting cells is likely attributed to their role in facilitating iron absorption from the environment through mucin secretion (Omidzahir et al, 2019). Sayedi et al (2020 exposed blackfish (Capoeta fusca) to iron oxide nanoparticles at various concentrations (ranging from 1 to 100 mg•L -1 ).…”

The Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles to Paradilepis Scolicina Rudolphi, 1819 (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) Cestode Observed First in Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L., 1758) in Azerbaijan

“…The spread of nanoparticles in water bodies and their impact on the ecosystems present there is great [18]. There are some studies on the effects of different types of nanoparticles on the common carp body [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. It is clear from the data that the accumulation of nanoparticles in various organs (intestine, liver, blood-vascular system), their toxicity and some pathomorphological changes caused by them have been studied.…”