Effects of irrigating dairy-grazed grassland with farm dairy effluent on nitrous oxide emissions

Luo, Jiafa; Saggar, Surinder; Bhandral, R.; Bolan, Nanthi; Ledgard, S. F.; Lindsey, Stuart; Sun, Wentao

doi:10.1007/s11104-008-9550-3

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Luo et al (2008) reported up to 45% reduction in N 2 O emissions from dairy cow urine applied to various soils in New Zealand by the dicyandiamide nitrification inhibitor (DCD). The effectiveness of the DCD nitrification inhibitors depends largely on temperature, moisture and soil type (Kelliher et al, 2008;de Klein and Monaghan, 2011;Schils et al, 2013).…”

Section: Manure Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Gerber

Hristov

Henderson

et al. 2013

Animal

324

218

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Although livestock production accounts for a sizeable share of global greenhouse gas emissions, numerous technical options have been identified to mitigate these emissions. In this review, a subset of these options, which have proven to be effective, are discussed. These include measures to reduce CH 4 emissions from enteric fermentation by ruminants, the largest single emission source from the global livestock sector, and for reducing CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from manure. A unique feature of this review is the high level of attention given to interactions between mitigation options and productivity. Among the feed supplement options for lowering enteric emissions, dietary lipids, nitrates and ionophores are identified as the most effective. Forage quality, feed processing and precision feeding have the best prospects among the various available feed and feed management measures. With regard to manure, dietary measures that reduce the amount of N excreted (e.g. better matching of dietary protein to animal needs), shift N excretion from urine to faeces (e.g. tannin inclusion at low levels) and reduce the amount of fermentable organic matter excreted are recommended. Among the many 'end-of-pipe' measures available for manure management, approaches that capture and/or process CH 4 emissions during storage (e.g. anaerobic digestion, biofiltration, composting), as well as subsurface injection of manure, are among the most encouraging options flagged in this section of the review. The importance of a multiple gas perspective is critical when assessing mitigation potentials, because most of the options reviewed show strong interactions among sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The paper reviews current knowledge on potential pollution swapping, whereby the reduction of one GHG or emission source leads to unintended increases in another.

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Section: Manure Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Gerber

Hristov

Henderson

et al. 2013

Animal

324

218

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“…Studies (e.g. Smith et al, 2003;Luo et al, 2008aLuo et al, , 2008bLuo et al, and 2008c have shown that soil WFPS, of all measured factors, has the strongest influence on N 2 O emissions from excretal N input. Generally, N 2 O emissions are greatest when soil WFPS is at or above soil field capacity.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal (2015), 9:3, pp 534-543 © The Animal Consortium 2014 doi:10.1017/S1751731114002742 animal 534 N 2 O emissions are generally higher in winter when soils are wet, and after grazing owing to the large amount of nitrogen (N) excreted in dung and urine (Luo et al, 2008b and2008c; Schills et al, 2013). Forage brassicas (Brassica spp.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N 2 O is problematic as it contributes to global warming by its action as a greenhouse gas and it is also involved in the degradation of stratospheric ozone (McTaggart et al, 1997). N 2 O emissions are generally higher in winter when soils are wet, and after grazing owing to the large amount of nitrogen (N) excreted in dung and urine (Luo et al, 2008b and2008c;Schills et al, 2013). Forage brassicas (Brassica spp.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous oxide emission factors for urine and dung from sheep fed either fresh forage rape (Brassica napus L.) or fresh perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

Luo

Sun

Pacheco

et al. 2015

Animal

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In New Zealand, agriculture is predominantly based on pastoral grazing systems and animal excreta deposited on soil during grazing have been identified as a major source of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. Forage brassicas (Brassica spp.) have been increasingly used to improve lamb performance. Compared with conventional forage perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), a common forage in New Zealand, forage brassicas have faster growth rates, higher dry matter production and higher nutritive value. The aim of this study was to determine the partitioning of dietary nitrogen (N) between urine and dung in the excreta from sheep fed forage brassica rape (B. napus subsp. oleifera L.) or ryegrass, and then to measure N 2 O emissions when the excreta from the two different feed sources were applied to a pasture soil. A sheep metabolism study was conducted to determine urine and dung-N outputs from sheep fed forage rape or ryegrass, and N partitioning between urine and dung. Urine and dung were collected and then used in a field plot experiment for measuring N 2 O emissions. The experimental site contained a perennial ryegrass/white clover pasture on a poorly drained silt-loam soil. The treatments included urine from sheep fed forage rape or ryegrass, dung from sheep fed forage rape or ryegrass, and a control without dung or urine applied. N 2 O emission measurements were carried out using a static chamber technique. For each excreta type, the total N 2 O emissions and emission factor (EF3; N 2 O-N emitted during the 3-or 8-month measurement period as a per cent of animal urine or dung-N applied, respectively) were calculated. Our results indicate that, in terms of per unit of N intake, a similar amount of N was excreted in urine from sheep fed either forage rape or ryegrass, but less dung N was excreted from sheep fed forage rape than ryegrass. The EF3 for urine from sheep fed forage rape was lower compared with urine from sheep fed ryegrass. This may have been because of plant secondary metabolites, such as glucosinolates in forage rape and their degradation products, are transferred to urine and affect soil N transformation processes. However, the difference in the EF3 for dung from sheep fed ryegrass and forage rape was not significant.Keywords: Excreta, N partitioning, sheep, brassicas, nitrous oxide ImplicationsNitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from soil are one of the main components of greenhouse gases in the agricultural sector and animal excreta have been identified as a major source of these emissions. Our study showed that feeding forage rape reduced the N 2 O-N emission factor (EF3; N 2 O-N emitted during the 3-month measurement period as a per cent of animal excreta N applied) for sheep urine by about 60%, compared with feeding perennial ryegrass. This finding is significant for developing mitigation measures to reduce EF3 for animal urine. Further study needs to be conducted under different soil and climate conditions to confirm this finding. IntroductionIn New Zealand, agriculture is predominantly based on g...

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“…Higher denitrification losses were found following cattle slurry injection compared to surface application to a grassland soil [15]. Liquid-waste injections have been shown to promote conditions conducive to denitrification by creating an anaerobic environment abundant in inorganic N and readily oxidizable C. Luo et al [18] studied the effects of irrigating dairy-grazed grassland with FDE on N 2 O emissions and observed that FDE irrigation increased N 2 O emissions compared to the control and varied with changes in climatic conditions and soil WFPS. The N 2 O emissions increased slightly after application of FDE, reaching a peak value soon after application in both early autumn 2004 and late summer 2005.…”

Section: Nitrous Oxide Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emission from wastewater irrigated soils

Thangarajan

Kunhikrishnan

Seshadri

et al. 2012

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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With increasing demand for world water supply, wastewater reuse is a great opportunity to meet the water need, especially for agricultural and industrial development. Wastewater originates from many sources and hence its composition differs from origin and treatment processes. Wastewater rich in organic matter acts as a soil conditioner, thereby enhancing soil health. Wastewater also acts as a source of nutrient input in agriculture which in turn can reduce, or even eliminate the need for commercial fertilisers. However, wastewater usage in agriculture poses several threats like eutrophication, salinity, toxic chemicals (heavy metal(loids), pesticides), pathogen contamination, and most notably, nutrient leaching, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. These threats affect public health, soil and ground water resources, environment, crop quality, ecological, and property values. Biological degradation of the organic matter present in wastewater is considered one of the anthropogenic sources of major GHGs (carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and methane (CH 4 ). In this paper, an overview of various sources of wastewater, effects of wastewater application on GHG emission from soil, and the strategies to mitigate wastewater-induced GHG emission from soils is presented.

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Effects of irrigating dairy-grazed grassland with farm dairy effluent on nitrous oxide emissions

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Technical options for the mitigation of direct methane and nitrous oxide emissions from livestock: a review

Nitrous oxide emission factors for urine and dung from sheep fed either fresh forage rape (Brassica napus L.) or fresh perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

Greenhouse gas emission from wastewater irrigated soils

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