Effects of Islamist terror in Muslim students: evidence from Turkey in the wake of the November 2003 attacks

Islamist terrorism as identity threat: the case of ambivalent identification and self‐stereotyping among Turkish Muslims

“…However, Uz et al. () did not observe such a “black sheep effect,” presumably because, across experimental condition, their respondents were nearly unanimous in condemning the attacks. But in the absence of any individual or collective response, did the findings by Uz et al.…”

“…Even though the recent attacks were fresh on respondents' minds, Uz et al. () did not observe any disidentification effects even as the psychological distance between respondent and terrorists increased, and the motivation to dissociate oneself from the tainted category of Muslims increased. That is, regardless of whether terrorists and respondents were members of two nonoverlapping categories (Wahhabis vs. Alevi/Sunnis) or whether they were members of the same category (both Muslims), the Turkish Muslim respondents did not reduce their level of identification as Muslims.…”

“…But in the absence of any individual or collective response, did the findings by Uz et al. () imply that Turkish Muslims did not care about their identity?…”

“…Indeed, findings by Uz et al. () suggest that the identity conflict tapped by ambivalent identification is not apparent on measures of individual or collective responding to identity threat.…”

“…When Muslim respondents found themselves sharing the same superordinate group with Muslim terrorists, the level of conflict or tension associated with one's own Muslim identity increased, a phenomenon that Uz et al. () characterized as ambivalent identification , indicating that being closely associated with terrorists did have important consequences for the religious identity of Turkish Muslims.…”