Effects of Isoproterenol on T‐Wave Amplitude and Heart Rate: A Dose‐Response Study

Contrada, Richard J.; Dimsdale, Joel E.; Levy, Linda; Weiss, Theodore

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1991.tb00731.x

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…One recent report [21] showed that elevations in heart rate above placebo values increased as a linear function of isoproterenol dose. In contrast, the dose-response curve for T-wave amplitude was best described by a quadratic function: an initial reduction in T-wave amplitude at low levels of isoproterenol infusion was followed by a significant reversal of this effect at higher doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exaggerated Beat-to-Beat R Amplitude Variability in Patients with Panic Disorder after Intravenous Isoproterenol

Yeragani¹,

Pohl²,

Bär³

et al. 2007

Neuropsychobiology

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Background: Anxiety symptoms are associated with a marked increase in sudden cardiac death, suggesting an abnormality in cardiac autonomic function. Our previous studies show a relationship between R amplitude variability and sympathetic function.Methods:We examined the effects of β-adrenergic stimulation on R and T amplitude variability in panic disorder patients by infusing the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol in 6 panic disorder patients and 11 normal subjects. The ECG signal was analyzed before the infusion and 5 min after the infusion was started. The outcome measures were the R and T detrended variance normalized for mean amplitudes (R_vm and T_vm) and the R_vi and T_vi, measures which are normalized for the inter-beat interval variability in addition. Results: Patients with panic disorder had significantly more variability in R and T amplitude than normal controls and the R amplitude variability was increased further by β-adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol, which was more pronounced in the patients. Conclusions: The isoproterenol-associated increase in R amplitude variability occurred in controls in the absence of significant anxiety. However, the increase in R amplitude variability was greater in patients with panic disorder, suggesting a greater sensitivity to β-adrenergic effects of isoproterenol or to isoproterenol-induced anxiety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies suggest a complex relationship between T wave amplitude and the effects of isoproterenol and other adrenergic agents [21,22] . These studies did not examine the effects of isoproterenol on T wave amplitude variability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exaggerated Beat-to-Beat R Amplitude Variability in Patients with Panic Disorder after Intravenous Isoproterenol

Yeragani¹,

Pohl²,

Bär³

et al. 2007

Neuropsychobiology

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“…This involves the graded administration of isoproterenol, a non selective beta adrenergic agonist (Arnold & McDevitt, 1983; Cleaveland, Rangno, & Shand, 1972; Contrada, Dimsdale, Levy, & Weiss, 1991; George, Conolly, Fenyvesi, Briant, & Dollery, 1972; Martinsson, Lindvall, Melcher, & Hjemdahl, 1989; Mills, Dimsdale, Ancoli-Israel, Clausen, & Loredo, 1998; Yu, Kang, Ziegler, Mills, & Dimsdale, 2007). When administered intravenously, isoproterenol primarily results in rapid elevations in heart rate and contractility, relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, and reductions in diastolic blood pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bolus isoproterenol infusions provide a reliable method for assessing interoceptive awareness

Khalsa

Rudrauf

Sandesara

et al. 2009

International Journal of Psychophysiology

141

138

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Interoception, defined as the perception of internal body states, plays a central role in classic and contemporary theories of emotion. In particular, deviations from baseline body states have been hypothesized to be integral to the experience of emotion and feeling. Consequently, reliable measurement of interoception is critical to the testing of emotion theories. Heartbeat perception tasks have been considered the standard method for assessing interoceptive awareness, primarily due to their non-invasive nature and technical feasibility. However, these tasks are limited by the fact that above chance group performance rates on heartbeat detection (or the frequency of ‘good detectors’) are rarely higher than 40 percent, meaning that such tasks (as they are typically utilized) do not obtain a measure of interoceptive awareness in the majority of individuals. Here we describe a novel protocol for inducing and assessing a range of deviations in body states via bolus infusions of isoproterenol, a non-selective beta adrenergic agonist. Using a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled experimental design, we found that bolus isoproterenol infusions elicited rapid and transient increases in heart rate and concomitant ratings of heartbeat and breathing sensations, in a dose-dependent manner. Our protocol revealed changes in interoceptive awareness in all 15 participants tested, thus overcoming a major limitation of heartbeat detection tasks. These findings indicate that bolus isoproterenol infusions provide a reliable method for assessing interoceptive awareness, which sets a foundation for further investigation of the role of interoceptive sensations in the experience of emotion.

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“…In humans, TWA decrease was seen after subcutaneous or intramuscular administration of epinephrine (Hartwell, Burrett, Graybiel, & White, 1942;Katz, Hamburger, & Lev, 1932;Levine, Ernstene, & Jacobson, 1930), and after administration of a nonselective b-agonist (isoproteronol; Contrada et al, 1989;Contrada, Dimsdale, Levy, & Weiss, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Dauchot and Gravenstein (1971) and Annila, Yli-Hankala, and Lindgren (1993) indeed found that an acetylcholinergic antagonist (atropine) led to a decrease in the TWA. Contrada et al (1989Contrada et al ( , 1991 further reported a sudden paradoxical TWA increase during very high doses of isoproterenol infusion and reasoned that (baroreflex-induced) increases in vagal activity might have caused the increase in the TWA. These findings suggest that changes in cardiac vagal activity also affect the TWA, which would invalidate it as a pure SNS measure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambulatory measurement of the ECG T‐wave amplitude

et al. 2014

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Ambulatory recording of the preejection period (PEP) can be used to measure changes in cardiac sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity under naturalistic conditions. Here, we test the ECG T-wave amplitude (TWA) as an alternative measure, using 24-h ambulatory monitoring of PEP and TWA in a sample of 564 healthy adults. The TWA showed a decrease in response to mental stress and a monotonic decrease from nighttime sleep to daytime sitting and more physically active behaviors. Within-participant changes in TWA were correlated with changes in the PEP across the standardized stressors (r 5 .42) and the unstandardized naturalistic conditions (mean r 5 .35). Partialling out changes in heart rate and vagal effects attenuated these correlations, but they remained significant. Ambulatory TWA cannot replace PEP, but simultaneous recording of TWA and PEP provides a more comprehensive picture of changes in cardiac SNS activity in real-life settings.

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Effects of Isoproterenol on T‐Wave Amplitude and Heart Rate: A Dose‐Response Study

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Exaggerated Beat-to-Beat R Amplitude Variability in Patients with Panic Disorder after Intravenous Isoproterenol

Exaggerated Beat-to-Beat R Amplitude Variability in Patients with Panic Disorder after Intravenous Isoproterenol

Bolus isoproterenol infusions provide a reliable method for assessing interoceptive awareness

Ambulatory measurement of the ECG T‐wave amplitude

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