Effects of Jaw Clenching and Jaw Alignment Mouthpiece Use on Force Production During Vertical Jump and Isometric Clean Pull

Allen, Charles R.; Fu, Yu; Cazas-Moreno, Vanessa L.; Valliant, Melinda; Gdovin, Jacob R.; Williams, Charles C.; Garner, James W.

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002172

Cited by 22 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…To control for jaw musculature activation during the jaw relaxed condition, participants were instructed to breathe through pursed lips for the duration of each vertical jump and grip strength assessment trial. Pursed lip breathing is believed to limit jaw musculature activation and is consistent with previously published research (Allen et al, 2016;Allen et al, 2018;Ebben et al, 2010a;Garceau et al, 2012). Following the completion of each assessment trial, participants were asked whether they maintained the required breathing pattern and whether their jaw muscula-ture activation was maximal or remained relaxed.…”

Section: Participants and Designsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Hiroshi (2003) demonstrated that peak force and rate of force development were significantly improved when jaw clenching was employed just before and during dominant handgrip strength assessment in male participants. Peak force and rate of force development were also improved during maximal isometric clean pull performance (Allen et al, 2018). Additionally, Busca et al (2016), while investigating the effects of jaw clenching and bite-aligning mouthpieces on strength, reported a significant improvement in dominant handgrip strength performance when male participants maximally clenched the jaw compared to not clenching.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The use of remote voluntary contractions (RVC) to produce concurrent activation potentiation (CAP) is a performance enhancement strategy to acutely increase force production characteristics during physical exertion (Allen et al, 2016;Allen et al, 2018;Busca et al, 2016;Ebben et al, 2008a;Ebben et al, 2008b;Ebben et al, 2010a;Ebben et al, 2010b;Garceau et al, 2010;Garceau et al, 2012;Hiroshi, 2003). CAP has been defined as the ergogenic advantage of increased prime mover force production characteristics attained through RVC, which is the simultaneous activation of additional musculature not involved in facilitating the movement of interest (Ebben, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This combination of RVC also improved multiple force variables during back squat and jump squat exercises as well as improved jump squat height compared to control conditions (Ebben et al, 2010b). Even single RVC strategies, such as maximal jaw clenching, has been shown to augment peak force (PF) and RFD during grip strength assessment (Hiroshi, 2003), RFD and time to peak force (TTPF) during the countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) (Ebben et al, 2008a), PF and RFD during the isometric clean pull (Allen et al, 2018), and increased muscle activation during CMVJ (Allen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximal Jaw Opening as a Method of Producing Concurrent Activation Potentiation

Allen

2019

IJKSS

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine maximal jaw opening as a strategy to elicit concurrent activation potentiation during countermovement vertical jump performance and bilateral grip strength assessment in both males and females. Methods: Twenty-four males (age 21.25 ± 1.45 years; height 177.64 ± 7.67 cm; mass 83.87 ± 9.08 kg) and 24 females (age 21.38 ± 2.12 years; height 165.84 ± 8.96 cm; mass 66.4 ± 13.42 kg) participated in this investigation. Maximal countermovement jump height was recorded using a Just Jump Mat, and dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength was recorded using a digital hand dynamometer under two experimental conditions: jaw relaxed and jaw maximally opened. Paired-sample t-tests were conducted for each dependent variable of interest to determine the differences between the research conditions. Results: Maximally opening the jaw led to improvements in vertical jump height (p = 0.013, d = 0.225), dominant hand (p = 0.028, d = 0.162), and non-dominant handgrip strength (p = 0.011, d = 0.241) in males, and although these variables were improved in females under the jaw open condition, that improvement did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study supports maximally opening the jaw as an effective strategy for producing concurrent activation potentiation, particularly in males.

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Section: Participants and Designsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximal Jaw Opening as a Method of Producing Concurrent Activation Potentiation

Allen

2019

IJKSS

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“…In dentate individuals, jaw-repositioning devices have been shown to improve muscular power (Allen et al, 2018). This differs from strength in that it requires a rapid neuromuscular response.…”

Section: Occlusion and Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Occlusal Pressure on Vertical Force Generation on Dentate and Edentulous Subjects

Harper¹

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Objectives: To determine 1) the difference in lower extremity power obtained from a vertical jump in individuals who are dentate or edentulous (implants or dentures) and 2) the difference occlusal pressure makes on lower body force output. Variables included jump height, maximum kicking force, maximum push off force, take off velocity, flight time, jump impulse, and maximum velocity. Groups included dentate, implant overdenture, and conventional denture. Methods: Counter movement jumping with force plate collection was utilized to test the three populations in this study. The three populations were dentate, mandibular implant overdenture opposing maxillary complete denture, and conventional maxillary and mandibular complete dentures. The dentate group was asked to clench their teeth at the beginning and throughout the counter movement jump. The edentulous groups were asked to clench with their prostheses in and to relax with them out. Results: The force variables tested showed significant differences between the three test groups. Maximum velocity was only showed significant between the dentate in comparison to the other two groups, but not between implant or conventional. There was found to be no significant difference between the force variables and occlusal pressure. Conclusions: In the present study, there was a significant difference found between the three dental condition groups of edentulous, implant, and dentate. The results indicate that the oral rehabilitation method did impact lower body force generation in all of the variables, with the exception of maximum velocity which only showed significance between edentulous and dentate. I would like to thank the following for their guidance and contributions: Dr. Matthew Bryington-I am grateful for your instruction with this project, and with providing me with the freedom to pursue something that at the time sounded farfetched. Dr. Nicole Andreini-I would like to thank you for reading my chapters as I finished them, for providing me insight when I had writer's block, and for ensuring me that everything was happening right on time. Dr's Mike Evans and Ben Kordusky-I would like to thank you both for helping support me these last few months in completing my writing. Lyndsey Gray-I would like to thank you for helping run all of the Axium reports to collect our participant pool, for going through them all to filter out positive and negative selections, and for providing me encouragement. Dr. Desiree Harper-I would like to thank you for proof reading my chapters, for encouraging me when I felt discouraged, and for providing me valuable ideas for my writing. Dr. George Harper-I would like to thank you for helping me construct and transport the landing platform. James and Jordan-I would like to thank you both for helping run my computer protocols, compiling the data, running the data, and assisting me with other essential parts of the project. Dr. Jean McCrory-I am very grateful for your mentorship throughout this process. For all the chapters read, to the continued ...

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Decreased exercise capacity in young athletes using self-adapted mouthguards

et al. 2021

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Purpose There is evidence of both the preventive effects and poor acceptance of mouthguards. There are various effects on performance depending on the type of mouthguard model. Hemodynamic responses to wearing a mouthguard have not been described. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of self-adapted mouthguards with breathing channels (SAMGvent). Methods In this randomized crossover study, 17 healthy, active subjects (age 25.12 ± 2.19 years) underwent body plethysmography and performed two incremental exertion tests wearing a (SAMGvent) and not wearing (CON) a mouthguard. Blood lactate, spirometrics, and thoracic impedance were measured during these maximum exercise tests. Results The mean values using a SAMGvent revealed significantly greater airway resistance compared to CON (0.53 ± 0.16 kPa·L−1 vs. 0.35 ± 0.10 kPa·L−1, respectively; p = < 0.01). At maximum load, ventilation with SAMGvent was less than CON (118.4 ± 28.17 L min−1 vs. 128.2 ± 32.16 L min−1, respectively; p = < 0.01). At submaximal loads, blood lactate responses with SAMGvent were higher than CON (8.68 ± 2.20 mmol·L−1 vs. 7.89 ± 1.65 mmol·L−1, respectively; p < 0.01). Maximum performance with a SAMGvent was 265.9 ± 59.9 W, and without a mouthguard was 272.9 ± 60.8 W (p < 0.01). Maximum stroke volume was higher using a SAMGvent than without using a mouthguard (138.4 ± 29.9 mL vs. 130.2 ± 21.2 mL, respectively; p < 0.01). Conclusion Use of a self-adapted mouthguard led to increased metabolic effort and a significant reduction in ventilation parameters. Unchanged oxygen uptake may be the result of cardiopulmonary compensation and increased breathing efforts, which slightly affects performance. These results and the obvious preventive effects of mouthguards support their use in sports.

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Effects of Jaw Clenching and Jaw Alignment Mouthpiece Use on Force Production During Vertical Jump and Isometric Clean Pull

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Maximal Jaw Opening as a Method of Producing Concurrent Activation Potentiation

Maximal Jaw Opening as a Method of Producing Concurrent Activation Potentiation

The Effect of Occlusal Pressure on Vertical Force Generation on Dentate and Edentulous Subjects

Decreased exercise capacity in young athletes using self-adapted mouthguards

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