Effects of Jian Pi Qing Chang Hua Shi decoction on mucosal injuries in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced inflammatory bowel disease rat model

Abstract

Context Jian Pi Qing Chang Hua Shi decoction (JPQCHSD) has been considered as an effective remedy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Chinese traditional medicine. Objective We evaluated the efficacy of JPQCHSD on 2-4-6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced IBD rats and the responsible mechanisms. Materials and methods Except the rats of the control group (50% ethanol), Sprague–Dawley rats (180 ± 20 g) induced by TNBS (150 mg/kg in 50% ethanol), received water extract of JPQCHSD daily at 0, 9.5, 19, or 38 g/kg for 12 days. The rats were sacrificed, and their colons were removed to evaluate the disease activity index. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), immunoglobulin A (IgA), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and nuclear factor-κB were evaluated. Results JPQCHSD extract significantly reduced the disease activity index of TNBS-induced colitis with a median effective dose (ED 50 ) of 26.93 g/kg. MPO and MDA were significantly reduced in the 19 and 38 g/kg groups (ED 50 values 37.38 and 53.2 g/kg, respectively). The ED 50 values for the increased SOD and IgA were 48.98 and 56.3 g/kg. ED 50 values for inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were 32.66, 75.72, and 162.06 g/kg, respectively. Discussion JPQCHSD promoted mucosal healing in IBD rats via its anti-inflammation, immune regulation, and antioxidation properties. Conclusions JPQCHSD has healing function on IBD. Further clinical trials are needed to demonstrate its efficacy and tolerance to IBD.

Effect of vitamin D₃ and a stinging nettle extract on the gastric tissue of rats administered with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

“…After a 24-hour fasting period, the rats were sedated with a dose of 5 mg/kg propofol (Sigma-Aldrich, Istanbul, Türkiye). To induce CD, a single rectal dose of 150 mg/kg TNBS dissolved in physiological saline (Sigma-Aldrich) was administered to all the experimental animals except those in the control group ( Zhang et al. 2021 ).…”

“…After a 24-hour fasting period, the rats were sedated with a dose of 5 mg/kg propofol (Sigma-Aldrich, Istanbul, Türkiye). To induce CD, a single rectal dose of 150 mg/kg TNBS dissolved in physiological saline (Sigma-Aldrich) was administered to all the experimental animals except those in the control group (Zhang et al 2021). To ensure that the control group rats experienced the same level of stress as the study groups throughout the experiment, a daily application of 1 ml of a physiological saline solution was administered through oral gavage.…”

Protective Effects of Tiaoganquzhi Decoction in Treating inflammatory Injury of Nonalcoholic Fatty liver Disease by Promoting CGI-58 and Inhibiting Expression of NLRP3 Inflammasome

“…ABI-7500 Real-time quantitave PCR thermal cycl and a real-time PCR system kit (Tiangen Biotech) were used to detect Thermal cycler gene expression according to the manufacturer’s instructions and cycle threshold (CT) values were calculated by normalizing CT to ACTIN expression to present target gene (2-ΔΔCT) expression. The SYBR Green real-time PCR cycling protocol used was as follows: DNA denaturation at 95°C for 3 min, followed by 40 cycles at 95°C for 5 s and 60°C for 33 s ( Zhang et al, 2021 ).…”

Modulation of the immunity and inflammation by autophagy

“…The interaction between the autophagy‐related protein BECN1 and the cGAS DNA sensor has been identified as a key mechanism. This interaction promotes the degradation of cytoplasmic pathogen DNA through autophagy, effectively limiting the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines 38,39 . The deficiency of the ATG Atg9a has been shown to markedly increase the assembly of STING, resulting in aberrant activation of the innate immune response 40 .…”

“…This interaction promotes the degradation of cytoplasmic pathogen DNA through autophagy, effectively limiting the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines. 38 , 39 The deficiency of the ATG Atg9a has been shown to markedly increase the assembly of STING, resulting in aberrant activation of the innate immune response. 40 Autophagic degradation of STING can attenuate STING‐directed type I IFN signaling activity.…”