Effects of Juglone on the Antioxidant Metabolism in the Larval Hemolymph of the Greater Wax Moth Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract

Reducing the usage of chemical pesticides used to control pests in agriculture and stored products is an important phenomenon. Also, eco-friendly biopesticides have become highly important for use in the management of the pest control programs to overcome the negative influences of other synthetic chemicals. In this study oxidative stress changes induced by one important phytochemical compound, juglone, in Galleria mellonella larvae were investigated. For this purpose, effective concentrations (LC10: 0.5 mg; LC30: 1.5 mg; LC50: 2.3 mg) of juglone were added into the 2 g diet of the first instar larvae. Hemolymph samples from the last instar larvae were used to analyses of antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidases -GPx, glutathione-S transferase -GST, catalase -CAT, and superoxide dismutase -SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GST) and MDA level in the hemolymph of last instar G. mellonella larvae exposed to dietary juglone changed dose-dependently when compared to the control larvae. However, there was no change detected in GPx enzyme activity in both treated and untreated larvae. Consequently, effective doses of juglone are toxic to the model and pest insect G. mellonella.

Anti-mycobacterial activity and chemical composition of essential oils and phenolic extracts of the balsam of Liquidambar orientalis Mill. (Altingiaceae)

“…Juglone is also used as herbicide due to its toxicity for many insects. In both samples, the major flavonoid was found to be Juglone (Dayan and Duke, 2009;McCoy et al, 2018;Erbaş and Altuntaş, 2021).…”

Entomotherapeutic Role of Periplaneta americana Extract in Alleviating Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Testicular Oxidative Impairment in Migratory Locusts (Locusta migratoria) as an Ecotoxicological Model

“…In the current study, in the testicular tissues from the Al 2 O 3 NPs group, we reported augmentations of MDA, SOD, and CAT levels, whereas the activities of TAC, GPx, CarE, and GST were substantially decreased. ErbaŞ and AltuntaŞ [ 42 ] proposed that the increase in CAT and SOD activities in G. mellonella could be attributed to an adaptive response to the oxidative damage provoked by xenobiotics. In the same manner, we suggest that the increased levels of CAT and SOD in the Al 2 O 3 NPs may arise as a spontaneous metabolic reaction to acclimatize to the agglomeration of Al inside the testicular tissues.…”

“…Furthermore, the MDA level was heightened in the testes as a result of exposure to a single dose of Al 2 O 3 NPs, implying high lipid peroxidation. It is worth mentioning that previous investigations demonstrated that GPx functions to enhance the detoxification of lipid hydroperoxides, which stem from lipid peroxidation (LPO), and it could even hamper the instigation of LPO [ 42 ]. Therefore, the decreased levels of the antioxidant enzymes (TAC and GPx) in the testicular tissues could be explained by a rise in LPO activity that may be related to the reduction in antioxidant enzymes implicated in the detoxification of ROS in these tissues, to sustain the antioxidant defense system.…”