Effects of Kanamycin on the Auditory Evoked Responses During Postnatal Development of the Hearing of the Rat

Osako, Shigeto; Tokimoto, Takayuki; Matsuura, Shinya

doi:10.3109/00016487909137180

Cited by 78 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Data for the rat pup also indicate a profound cochlear pathology of outer hair cells, and a loss in auditory function, accompanying kanamycin treatment during days 11 to 20 postpartum. Identical treatments from the days 1 to 10 or from day 15 to day 23 had relatively little effect on auditory function or on cochlear structures (22). The profound loss of outer hair cells in these ototoxic poisioning experiments was the same as that observed from noise exposure during the sensitive period.…”

Section: Central Consequencessupporting

confidence: 54%

Sensitive periods of susceptibility to auditory trauma in mammals.

Saunders¹,

Chen²

1982

Environ Health Perspect

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Evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that the cochleae of young animals are more susceptible to auditory trauma than the cochleae of the adult. A sensitive period of heightened susceptibility to acoustic trauma from noise exposure has been demonstrated in three mammalian species. The cochlear pathology associated with this trauma is severe damage to the outer hair cell system. Abnormal growth of auditory evoked responses recorded in central auditory nuclei accompanies the receptor damage during the sensitive period. There is evidence of a similar sensitive period of susceptibility to cochlear insult from ototoxic drugs. The time frame of the sensitive period may be different for drug or noise insult to the cochlea, but the principal pathology of outer hair cell loss remains the same in both cases. The implication of these sensitive periods to auditory trauma, for human development is considered.

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Section: Central Consequencessupporting

confidence: 54%

Sensitive periods of susceptibility to auditory trauma in mammals.

Saunders¹,

Chen²

1982

Environ Health Perspect

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“…This change from insensitivity to drug-induced ototoxic changes in the chicken embryo to the sensitivity of newly hatched chicks is a rapid transition. A similar period of insensitivity occurs in rats, but it occurs after birth (19). The rat cochlea appears to be insensitive to kanamycin ototoxicity between birth and postnatal day 10, with the sensitive period beginning on day 11.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Insensitivity of the Chicken Embryo to the Ototoxicity of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics and a Loop Diuretic

et al. 1994

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Guinea pigs are routinely used in the histological evaluation of the cochlea as a method of testing for ototoxicity, but the procedures are very time-consuming. Because the avian cochlea is easier to examine and newly hatched chicks are sensitive to the ototoxic effects of gentamicin, birds may be useful in testing for ototoxicity. The use of chicken embryos would be even better for testing, but whether or not chicken embryos are sensitive to ototoxicants is unknown. In an attempt to determine whether or not chicken embryos may be used instead ofguinea pigs in screening tests for ototoxicity, aminoglycoside antibiotics and a loop diuretic, ethacrynic acid, were administered to chicken embryos. A maximum-tolerated dose of gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, ethacrynic acid, or a combination of gentamicin and ethacrynic acid was administered to fertile eggs of White Leghorn chickens on incubation days 10-17. To compare the effect of route ofexposure on ototoxicity, gentamicin was administered by injection into the allantoic space, yolk sac, and air cell as well as by submerging the egg in gentamicin solution. With the preferred air cell route the effects of the ototoxic drugs kanamycin, streptomycin, ethacrynic acid, and a combination of ethacrynic acid and gentamicin were compared. On incubation day 18, cochleas were removed from the chicken embryos. Serial sections of these avian cochleas were examined and hair cells were counted. No significant difference was seen between the number of hair cells in cochleas ofcontrol chicken embryos and those from chicken embryos treated with drugs. Therefore, the chicken embryo appears to be insensitive to the ototoxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics and a loop diuretic.

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“…During this period [post-natal days 11–16 in the rat (Henley et al, 1996)], decreased elimination rate constants, and increased half-lives lead to much higher mean serum aminoglycoside levels in young animals than in old animals. Thus, ototoxicity is expressed 2–3 times more quickly in these younger animals (Osaka et al, 1979; Astbury and Read, 1982). …”

Section: Deafening Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and structural changes throughout the auditory system following congenital and early-onset deafness: implications for hearing restoration

Butler

Lomber

2013

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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The absence of auditory input, particularly during development, causes widespread changes in the structure and function of the auditory system, extending from peripheral structures into auditory cortex. In humans, the consequences of these changes are far-reaching and often include detriments to language acquisition, and associated psychosocial issues. Much of what is currently known about the nature of deafness-related changes to auditory structures comes from studies of congenitally deaf or early-deafened animal models. Fortunately, the mammalian auditory system shows a high degree of preservation among species, allowing for generalization from these models to the human auditory system. This review begins with a comparison of common methods used to obtain deaf animal models, highlighting the specific advantages and anatomical consequences of each. Some consideration is also given to the effectiveness of methods used to measure hearing loss during and following deafening procedures. The structural and functional consequences of congenital and early-onset deafness have been examined across a variety of mammals. This review attempts to summarize these changes, which often involve alteration of hair cells and supporting cells in the cochleae, and anatomical and physiological changes that extend through subcortical structures and into cortex. The nature of these changes is discussed, and the impacts to neural processing are addressed. Finally, long-term changes in cortical structures are discussed, with a focus on the presence or absence of cross-modal plasticity. In addition to being of interest to our understanding of multisensory processing, these changes also have important implications for the use of assistive devices such as cochlear implants.

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Effects of Kanamycin on the Auditory Evoked Responses During Postnatal Development of the Hearing of the Rat

Cited by 78 publications

References 27 publications

Sensitive periods of susceptibility to auditory trauma in mammals.

Sensitive periods of susceptibility to auditory trauma in mammals.

Insensitivity of the Chicken Embryo to the Ototoxicity of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics and a Loop Diuretic

Functional and structural changes throughout the auditory system following congenital and early-onset deafness: implications for hearing restoration

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