Effects of Kurozu concentrated liquid on adipocyte size in rats

Abstract

BackgroundKurozu concentrated liquid (KCL) is used as a health-promoting supplement for the treatment of disorders such as cancer, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension in Japan. We investigated the possible anti-obesity effects of KCL in rats.MethodsMale Sprague Dawley rats were fed American Institute of Nutrition 76 formula diet and were orally administrated KCL or acetic acid at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight or deionized water for 4 weeks. Adipocyte size, DNA content in subcutaneous adipose tissue, lipid levels in the serum and liver, and the rate of fatty acid excretion were determined. Effects of KCL on pancreatic lipase activity and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation were investigated in vitro.ResultsIn the KCL group, the average adipocyte size in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues was significantly reduced. The KCL-administered rats displayed greater numbers of small adipocytes in the subcutaneous, perirenal and mesenteric adipose tissues than did rats from the other groups. In the KCL group, the DNA content in subcutaneous adipose tissue was significantly increased. The rate of fatty acid excretion was significantly increased in the KCL group. Furthermore, KCL significantly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity in vitro, and also significantly inhibited fat accumulation and mRNA expression of fatty acid binding protein 2 (aP2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated γ (PPARγ) in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. The levels of serum and liver lipids, the concentration of serum glucose, and the levels of adiponectin were similar among the 3 groups.ConclusionOral administration of KCL decreases the adipocyte size via inhibition of dietary fat absorption and reductions of PPARγ and aP2 mRNA expression levels in adipocytes.

Kibizu concentrated liquid suppresses the accumulation of lipid droplets in 3T3-L1 cells

“…Differentiation was induced in 3T3-L1 cells in the presence of 10 % serum from these bloods. The numbers of cells (a) and lipid droplets (b) and the lipid area (c) were quantified as described in ''Materials and methods '' tissues significantly decreased and the number of small adipocytes in various tissues significantly increased in rats treated with Kurozu concentrated liquid (Tong et al 2010). However, in this study, we observed that Kibizu more strongly suppressed lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells than Kurozu, suggesting that active components differ between these vinegars.…”

“…We previously showed that the number of small adipocytes increased and that of large adipocytes decreased in adipocyte tissues in Kurozu-treated rats (Tong et al 2010). Here, we evaluated the effects of a novel vinegar made from sugar cane, Kibizu, on lipid accumulation in adipocytes.…”

Comparison of Anti-obesity Effects of Spirit Vinegar and Natural Fermented Vinegar Products on the Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Cells and Obese Rats Fed a High-fat Diet

“…Fukuchi et al [46] indicated that citrus bioactive phenolics were reported to promote less body weight gain and white adipose tissue gain in mice after feeding of a HFD. Acetic acid is a major ingredient of vinegar, representing 6% of vinegar by volume, and it has also been shown to affect metabolic regulation and to have weight-reducing effects and alleviate hyperlipidemia [17,19,20,26,27]. Therefore, in this study, we determined whether acetic acid or bioactive compounds, components of vinegar, were had stronger anti-obesity effects.…”

“…It regulates appetite and energy metabolism by suppressing appetite and providing a feeling of satiety, and it is known that obesity increases leptin secretion [27,51]. In general, serum leptin concentration is proportional to body fat mass, and when excess energy accumulates, production is increased; thus, it is widely used as an indicator of obesity [52].…”

“…Additionally, many studies have reported that acetic acid, the key component of vinegar and contained, exhibits anti-obesity properties and improves lipid metabolism in animal models [17,19,26,27]. However, no study has been performed to compare the anti-obesity effects of spirit vinegar and natural fermented vinegar in rats.…”