Effects of L-type Ca2+ channel antagonists on in vitro excystment of Paragonimus ohirai metacercariae induced by sodium cholate

Ikeda, Teruaki

doi:10.1007/s00436-005-0080-0

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, growth did not occur after the first day of cultivation in any of the three media. Ikeda (2006) studied the inhibitory effects of L-type Ca 2+ channel antagonists on Na cholate-induced in vitro excystment (CIIE) of Paragonimus ohirai metacercariae. At concentrations of 10 μM, nicardipine and nimodipine inhibited CIIE completely and by approximately 92%, respectively.…”

Section: Non-echinostomatid Digeneansmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on metacercarial excystment of trematodes

Saxton

Fried

2009

Parasitol Res

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This review updates an earlier one by Fried (Adv Parasitol 33:91-144, 1994) on metacercarial excystation of trematodes. Our coverage of the salient literature is mainly from 1995 to 2008 and includes significant studies on echinostomatid and non-echinostomatid trematodes. Most of the echinostomatid studies are on species of 37-collar spined Echinostoma, although one study is concerned with a species of Echinochasmus. The non-echinostomatid coverage includes work on species of Paragonimus, Haplorchis, Apatemon, Microphallus, Clonorchis, Riberoia, Maritema, Opisthorchis, and Zygocotyle. Most of the studies were concerned with methods used to excyst the metacercariae of the species being investigated. However, some studies were concerned with metacercarial excystation in order to use the excysted larvae for in vitro cultivation or morphometric studies. Other studies used the excysted larvae for physiological, biochemical, or behavioral work. Several studies were also concerned with elucidating both intrinsic and extrinsic factors which mediate chemical excystation of the metacercarial stage of digenetic trematodes.

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Section: Non-echinostomatid Digeneansmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on metacercarial excystment of trematodes

Saxton

Fried

2009

Parasitol Res

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“…No mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) is available yet for any member of the P. ohirai complex. To date, studies on P. ohirai have mainly focused on morphological, physiological, immunological and protein identification/characterization (Habe & Agatsuma T. Hirai, 1985; Agatsuma et al, 1992; Fujino et al, 1996; Ikeda, Oikawa & Nishiyama, 1996; Ikeda, 2002; Ikeda, 2006). There have been relatively few studies on molecular recognition/variation and discrimination between this species and other members of Paragonimus (Agatsuma & Habe, 1986; Van Herwerden, Blair & Agatsuma, 1999a; Van Herwerden, Blair & Agatsuma, 1999b; Ryu et al, 2000; Blair, Agatsuma & Watanobe, 1997; Blair, Xu & Agatsuma, 1999; Blair et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The complete mitochondrial genome of Paragonimus ohirai (Paragonimidae: Trematoda: Platyhelminthes) and its comparison with P. westermani congeners and other trematodes

Nguyen

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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We present the complete mitochondrial genome of Paragonimus ohirai Miyazaki, 1939 and compare its features with those of previously reported mitochondrial genomes of the pathogenic lung-fluke, Paragonimus westermani, and other members of the genus. The circular mitochondrial DNA molecule of the single fully sequenced individual of P. ohirai was 14,818 bp in length, containing 12 protein-coding, two ribosomal RNA and 22 transfer RNA genes. As is common among trematodes, an atp8 gene was absent from the mitogenome of P. ohirai and the 5′ end of nad4 overlapped with the 3′ end of nad4L by 40 bp. Paragonimusohirai and four forms/strains of P. westermani from South Korea and India, exhibited remarkably different base compositions and hence codon usage in protein-coding genes. In the fully sequenced P. ohirai individual, the non-coding region started with two long identical repeats (292 bp each), separated by tRNAGlu. These were followed by an array of six short tandem repeats (STR), 117 bp each. Numbers of the short tandem repeats varied among P. ohirai individuals. A phylogenetic tree inferred from concatenated mitochondrial protein sequences of 50 strains encompassing 42 species of trematodes belonging to 14 families identified a monophyletic Paragonimidae in the class Trematoda. Characterization of additional mitogenomes in the genus Paragonimus will be useful for biomedical studies and development of molecular tools and mitochondrial markers for diagnostic, identification, hybridization and phylogenetic/epidemiological/evolutionary studies.

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“…However, upon release of these enzymes to the external environment, the proteolytic activity functionally resumes (Dresden and Edlin, 1975). Calcium signaling is also involved in the excystment of Paragonimus ohirai metacercariae, possibly indicating conserved signals for larval development in multiple trematode species (Ikeda, 2001, 2004, 2006). However, the specific role of calmodulin in these Ca-dependent processes has not been elucidated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Calmodulin Genes During Larval Development in the Parasitic Flatworm Schistosoma mansoni

Taft¹,

Yoshino²

2011

Journal of Parasitology

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Schistosomiasis is endemic in over 70 countries in which more than 200 million people are infected with the various schistosome species. Understanding the physiological processes underlying key developmental events could be useful in developing novel chemotherapeutic reagents or infection intervention strategies. Calmodulin is a small, calcium-sensing protein found in all eukaryotes and, although the protein has been previously identified in various Schistosoma mansoni stages and implicated in egg hatching and miracidia transformation, little molecular and functional data are available for this essential protein. Herein, we report the molecular cloning, expression, and functional characterization of calmodulin in the miracidia and primary sporocyst stages of S. mansoni. Two transcripts, SmCaM1 and SmCaM2, were cloned and sequenced, and a recombinant SmCaM1 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and used to generate anti-CaM antibodies. The 2 protein sequences were highly conserved when compared to other model organisms. The alignment of the predicted proteins of both SmCaM1 and SmCaM2 exhibited 99% identity to each other and 97–98% identity with mammalian calmodulins. Analysis of steady-state transcript abundance indicate that the 2 calmodulin transcripts differ in their stage-associated expression patterns, although the CaM protein isotype appears to be constitutively expressed during early larval development. Application of RNAi to larval parasites results in a “stunted growth” phenotype in sporocysts with 30% and 35% reduction in transcript abundance for SmCaM1 and SmCaM2, respectively, and a corresponding 35% reduction in protein level after incubation in double-stranded RNA. Differential expression of CaM transcripts during early larval development and a growth defect-inducing effect associated with partial transcript and protein inhibition as a result of RNAi, suggest a potentially important role of calmodulin during early larval development.

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Effects of L-type Ca2+ channel antagonists on in vitro excystment of Paragonimus ohirai metacercariae induced by sodium cholate

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

An update on metacercarial excystment of trematodes

An update on metacercarial excystment of trematodes

The complete mitochondrial genome of Paragonimus ohirai (Paragonimidae: Trematoda: Platyhelminthes) and its comparison with P. westermani congeners and other trematodes

Cloning and Functional Characterization of Two Calmodulin Genes During Larval Development in the Parasitic Flatworm Schistosoma mansoni

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