Effects of laboratory maintenance on the nature of surface reactive antigens of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Arko, R J; Bullard, J C; Duncan, W. P.

doi:10.1136/sti.52.5.316

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These results recall similar ones using gonococci adapted to growth in mouse chambers (Arko et al, 1976). The good immunogenicity of the in vivo-adapted organisms suggested that the type-specific antigen which had been detected previously in surface washes of such organisms and not in washes of strain BSDH (Penn et al, 1978) might be an immunizing antigen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The type-specific antigens might therefore contribute to immunity; they were not found in surface washes of the parent strain grown in vitro but were possessed by some colonies within the primary or secondary subculture of human gonorrhoea1 pus. The above results together with a report (Arko et al, 1976) that killed mouse chamber-adapted gonococci grown once in vitro were more immunogenic than the corresponding parent strain prompted the investigations described here. First, the immunogenicity of gonococci adapted to growth in guinea pig chambers and then grown once in vitro was compared with that of the parent strain grown in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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More than One Antigen Contributes to the Immunogenicity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Guinea Pig Chamber Model

Parsons¹,

Penn²,

Veale³

et al. 1979

Journal of General Microbiology

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Gonococci adapted to growth in guinea pig chambers [strain BS4 (agar)] were predominantly smooth organisms and produced a type-specific antigen. A vaccine prepared by treating these gonococci with formalin, protected guinea pig chambers against homologous challenge in contrast to a similarly treated laboratory strain (BSDH) which had been selected in vitro from the same parent strain and which did not produce the type-specific antigen. Surface washes of BS4 (agar) contained the type-specific antigen but attempts to immunize guinea pigs with complexes of rabbit antibody with this antigen excised from gels failed. However, good immunity could be produced by combining such complexes with formalin-killed rough gonococci (strain BS4R), lacking the type-specific antigen, which were found in some chambers of challenged guinea pigs that had been immunized with the complexes. Hence, at least two antigens -one the type-specific antigen and the other(s) posessed by both BS4 (agar) and BS4R -are needed for immunogenicity. Surface washes of BS4 (agar) and BS4R contained three antigens, distinct from the type-specific antigen, which might complement it in producing immunity. Similar antigens were present in surface washes of five fresh isolates from human urethral pus, but only a few organisms from these isolates possessed antigens similar to the type-specific antigen. The variability of gonococci in antigenicity, immunogenicity and probably virulence is discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

More than One Antigen Contributes to the Immunogenicity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Guinea Pig Chamber Model

Parsons¹,

Penn²,

Veale³

et al. 1979

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Although there were more nonresponders among the Olac guinea-pigs, the general trend of these guinea-pigs to form high agglutination titres is apparent. However, despite this fact, the agglutination titre was found to be unrelated to the protective activity, as similarly reported by Arko et al (1976b). Similarly, both groups of guinea-pigs showed high titres of antibodies reacting with free endotoxin particles and ring structures, both derived from the outer cell membrane, with particles derived from mesosome-like bodies and with pili, as determined by immune electron microscopy (Novotny and Turner, 1975;Novotny et al, 1977).…”

Section: Induced Immunity For Gonococcal Chamber Infectionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Using this technique, it has been possible to (i) demonstrate several immunotypes (Arko et al, 1976a), (ii) show that pilar antibodies do not confer immunity to infection (Turner and Novotny, 1976), and that experimental cross-protection is related to bactericidal antibodies (Wong et al, 1976). Of greater significance is the finding that the increased immune resistance observed after the artificial infection or vaccination of chimpanzees broadly corresponds with results obtained in experiments with guinea pigs (Arko and Wong, 1977), and it is obvious tha guinea-pigs are attractive for in vivo studies of gonococcal physiology (Veale et al, 1975;Arko et al, 1976b;Penn et al, 1976Penn et al, , 1977a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Strain related infectivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for the guinea-pig subcutaneous chamber and the variability of the immune resistance in different breeds of guinea-pig.

Novotny¹,

Broughton²,

Cownley³

et al. 1978

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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SUMMARYThe ability of gonococci to infect the subcutaneous chamber in guinea-pigs is strictly strain related. This ability was usually present in prototrophic strains and auxotrophs requiring proline only which were obtained from patients with uncomplicated gonorrhoea, but it was invariably absent in Neisseria gonorrhoeae auxotypes requiring arginine, uracil, and hypoxanthine, or arginine only for growth. All the strains obtained from disseminated gonococcal infections (all dependent upon arginine, uracil, and hypoxanthine) were unable to infect the guinea-pig chamber. Hence, the high invasiveness of N. gonorrhoeae for man and its infectivity for guinea-pig chambers appear to be unrelated properties. Although guinea-pigs of the same origin (Dunkin-Hartley) were used throughout, the degree of immune resistance was found to differ between the lines supplied by various breeders-that is, after a standard immunisation schedule using whole cell gonococcal vaccines, the homologous immune resistance to challenge varied from weak or non-existent in some lines, to highly resistant in others.

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“…The latter are therefore needed in large quantities for producing effective immunity (Arko, 1974;Turner & Novotny, 1976). Indeed, in a recent paper Arko, Bullard & Duncan (1976) report that gonococci adapted to chambers in mice and grown once in vitro were more immunogenic for guinea pigs than the parent strain grown in vifro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization of Guinea Pigs with Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Strain Specificity and Mechanisms of Immunity

Penn

Parsons

et al. 1977

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YInfection of subcutaneously implanted chambers in guinea pigs conferred immunity against homologous infection of other chambers in the same animals. However, attempts to immunize guinea pigs by subcutaneous injection of filtered fluid from infected chambers, or with small doses of formalin-killed, chamber gonococci were not successful. Thus, neither organisms grown in vivo nor their extracellular products appeared to be exceptionally immunogenic.In immunizing tests with different isolates of gonococci adapted to growth in guinea-pig chambers, cross-immunity to chamber infection with low challenge doses was detected only between two of six isolates. The killing of gonococci in chambers of immunized animals, which occurred only after homologous challenge or with the heterologous strain showing cross-immunity, was not due primarily to humoral factors in the chamber fluid but probably to an enhanced effectiveness of phagocytosis. The serum of immunized animals was bactericidal for homologous strains and for the strain showing cross-immunity but not for strains showing no cross-immunity. Hence, serum bactericidal activity might be a useful indicator for investigating the specificity of immunity produced by different gonococcal strains.

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Effects of laboratory maintenance on the nature of surface reactive antigens of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

More than One Antigen Contributes to the Immunogenicity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Guinea Pig Chamber Model

More than One Antigen Contributes to the Immunogenicity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the Guinea Pig Chamber Model

Strain related infectivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for the guinea-pig subcutaneous chamber and the variability of the immune resistance in different breeds of guinea-pig.

Immunization of Guinea Pigs with Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Strain Specificity and Mechanisms of Immunity

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