Effects of land uses and rainfall regimes on surface runoff and sediment yield in a nested watershed of the Loess Plateau, China

Zhao, Jiongchang; Zhang, Jianjun; Hu, Yihong; Li, Yang; Tang, Peng; Gusarov, Artyom V.; Yu, Yang

doi:10.1016/j.ejrh.2022.101277

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Assuming negligible surface runoff for the R. pseudoacacia and P. tabuliformis plantations (Zhao et al, 2022), the water consumption of R. pseudoacacia and P. tabuliformis plantation was calculated by the water balance equation, without considering the similar canopy interception (Jian et al, 2015), as shown below:

{SWS}_I=\sum \frac{10\times {SWC}_i\times {d}_i\times {h}_i}{\rho }

ET=P-\Delta SWS

where

{SWS}_I

is the layer‐cumulated soil water storage of the I th aggregated soil layer (i.e., 0–20, 20–40, 40–100, 100–200 cm) at a certain time (mm);

{SWC}_i

represents the gravimetric soil moisture (%) of the i th soil layer in soil sampling;

{d}_i

indicates the soil bulk density of the i th soil layer (g/cm 3 );

{h}_i

represents the thickness of the i th soil layer;

\rho

is the density of water (1 g/cm 3 ); i indicates the number of soil layers in the I th aggregated soil layer.

ET

is the water consumption per plantations (mm);

P

is the precipitation (mm), which assumed that there was no difference between the two plantations (Jian et al, 2015);

\Delta SWS

is the dynamic of the

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing water uptake patterns of two tree species using stable isotopes on the Loess Plateau, China

Cui,

Pan,

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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The water consumption mechanism of plantations is important to understand for the selection of afforestation tree species and sustainable watershed management in semi‐arid regions. In this study, Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus tabuliformis, which are commonly planted on the Loess Plateau of China, were selected to investigate the possible difference in water uptake modes. In 2019–2020, the stable isotopic compositions (δ2H, δ18O) of precipitation and the xylem and soil water of these two trees were sampled and compared using the direct inference approach and MixSIAR model. The difference in soil moisture was also measured. The results showed that the δ18O content of surface soil water (0–40 cm) was closely related to precipitation, while that of deep soil layers (100–200 cm) remained stable. The MixSIAR model performed appropriately in quantifying water apportionment, especially in the drought year of 2019. In July–August 2019, R. pseudoacacia showed strong drought resilience by absorbing water from the deep soil. The 0–40 cm and 100–200 cm soil layers contributed 0.325 and 0.376 to water absorption of R. pseudoacacia, and 0.675 and 0.151 to that of P. tabuliformis, respectively. However, there was a minor difference in the soil water uptake modes between the two species in the humid year of 2020. Compared with P. tabuliformis, R. pseudoacacia increased its consumption of water by 9.9% and 25.1% in the drought and humid year, respectively, which indicated that R. pseudoacacia plantations may contributed to drier deep soil layers. This study helps to improve our understanding of the water uptake mechanisms of common afforestation tree species on the Loess Plateau.

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{SWS}_I=\sum \frac{10\times {SWC}_i\times {d}_i\times {h}_i}{\rho }

ET=P-\Delta SWS

where

{SWS}_I

is the layer‐cumulated soil water storage of the I th aggregated soil layer (i.e., 0–20, 20–40, 40–100, 100–200 cm) at a certain time (mm);

{SWC}_i

represents the gravimetric soil moisture (%) of the i th soil layer in soil sampling;

{d}_i

indicates the soil bulk density of the i th soil layer (g/cm 3 );

{h}_i

represents the thickness of the i th soil layer;

\rho

is the density of water (1 g/cm 3 ); i indicates the number of soil layers in the I th aggregated soil layer.

ET

is the water consumption per plantations (mm);

P

is the precipitation (mm), which assumed that there was no difference between the two plantations (Jian et al, 2015);

\Delta SWS

is the dynamic of the

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plant Water Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing water uptake patterns of two tree species using stable isotopes on the Loess Plateau, China

Cui,

Pan,

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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“…Our study region is located in the Caijiachuan watershed in the Ji County, Shanxi Province, which is the Loess Plateau of China (Figure 1, 36 14 0 -36 18 0 N, 110 39 0 -110 47 0 E) and has an altitude of 897 $ 1557 m. The study area is characterized by a continental monsoon climate, and is cold in winter and warm in summer, with a mean annual temperature of 10.2 C and mean annual precipitation of 575.9 mm, with the precipitation from June to September accounting for about 70% annually (Zhao et al, 2022). The soil type is primarily a Haplic Luvisol (IUSS-WRB, 2015) and mostly alkaline (Wang et al, 2022).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional vegetation community responses to soil and topographic factors in the Loess Plateau of China

Zhang

Zha

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

Self Cite

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Given the developmental program outlined in United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15 (Life on Land) and the to effectively address the challenge of biodiversity decline while mitigating the adverse effects of climate change, particularly drought, on terrestrial forest ecosystems, a fundamental reorientation of global forest restoration paradigms is warranted. It is imperative to move beyond a narrow emphasis on expanding forest area and instead prioritize the enhancement of biodiversity and functional attributes within these ecosystems. However, the differential response mechanisms of forest ecosystem functional communities and main plant functional types (PFTs) to environmental factors, especially soil and topography, remains unclear, especially at plant level. Here, we divided the functional communities of 93 sites in the study area into seven groups through Two‐way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), and studied the different functional communities, namely dynamic succession, species richness, and PFT compositional differences. We also analyzed the various PFTs and functional community response mechanisms to soil and topographic factors using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The main results were as follows: (1) With the successional stages of PFTs, vegetation diversity across multiple functional communities inceased, tree and shrub proportions and importance increased, while herbs decreased. (2) From the arid and barren areas (i.e., G2), to the humid and fertile areas (i.e., G6 and G7), various compositional PFT differences, and their responses to soil and topographic factors, were found, namely, xerophytic, annual and biennial species gradually changed to mesophytic, hygrophytic, and perennial species (richness increased 6.94 ~ 27.33%, important value (IV) increased 8.73 ~ 29.45%) for shrubs and herbs. (3) Functional communities in various successional stages display distinct sensitivities to soil and topographic factors, as evidenced by a notable increase in the richness and IV of deciduous broad‐leaved tree species, rendering their communities more responsive to SOC and AS, whereas evergreen coniferous trees (e.g., Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) were sensitive to altitude (AL) and exhibited a tendency to transition from plantations to natural secondary forests predominantly at higher altitudes (above 1200 m). Our findings suggest that site conditions influence scenarios, and that different PFT responses and adjustments to soil and topography factors affect whole functional community dynamic succession processes, which can profoundly impact forest ecosystem function predictions based on PFT changes in the Loess Plateau of China.

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“…For agricultural areas, they have barely 1% (1.5 km 2 ) of the catchment area. According to Zhao et al (2004), a good relationship between vegetation cover and runoff, where a high runoff was traced to deforestation and urbanization. The study featured a similar trend, which established a strong link between rainfall and runoff due to low vegetation cover.…”

Section: Land Use/land Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

SCS-CN and GIS-Based Approach for Estimating Runoff in Western Region of Saudi Arabia

Alataway¹

2023

GEP

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Designing reservoir operations, hydraulic structure, and soil erosion management techniques all require an estimation of a potential runoff. Accurate runoff in-formation is typically scarce in Saudi Arabia-a significant challenge for hydrologists. Wadi-Rahjan catchment in Western Saudi Arabia has been taken as a case study to determine the potential runoff estimates. The study integrates the soil conservation service curve number (SCN-CN) technique, remote sensing (RS), and geographical information system (GIS). Critical parameters including the digital elevation model (DEM), land use/land cover (LULC), hydrologic soil groups (HSGs), and rainfall data were also employed. The curve number (CN), which shows the catchment's reaction to a storm was estimated based on LULC and HSG layers. The CN map obtained and rainfall data were employed in the GIS-based SCS-CN model to develop the potential runoff map. Based on the results of calculations, the study area is classified into three HSGs, namely, B, C, D. Averagely, CN for a normal condition is 90 while wet and dry conditions are 97 and 80, respectively. Results obtained from the SCS-CN method's calculations reveal a yearly runoff result that varies from 194 mm to 295 mm. A higher percentage of runoff water (35%) in a runoff range from 289 to 295 mm, followed by 24%, ranged 269 to 288 mm. An interesting rainfall-runoff regression evaluation reveals a good 0.90 correlation. Other watersheds in Saudi Arabia may use this method for planning and development.

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Effects of land uses and rainfall regimes on surface runoff and sediment yield in a nested watershed of the Loess Plateau, China

Cited by 14 publications

References 68 publications

Comparing water uptake patterns of two tree species using stable isotopes on the Loess Plateau, China

Comparing water uptake patterns of two tree species using stable isotopes on the Loess Plateau, China

Functional vegetation community responses to soil and topographic factors in the Loess Plateau of China

SCS-CN and GIS-Based Approach for Estimating Runoff in Western Region of Saudi Arabia

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