“…Most studies examining the impact of class participation on students’ academic performance only assess one dimension of class participation: attendance (e.g., Matsoso & Iwu, 2017; Nyatanga & Mukorera, 2019; Papageorgiou, 2019; Sund & Bignoux, 2018), contribution to class activities (e.g., Dallimore et al, 2010; Dancer & Kamvounias, 2005; Park et al, 2019), or frequent small tasks (e.g., Einig, 2013; Massoudi et al, 2017; Mezzanotte, 2017; Tang et al, 2020). In the vast majority of the mentioned studies, feedback about class participation grades was only provided at the end of the course or not provided at all, which did not allow students to take corrective measures in case of poor performance.…”