Effects of LED spectral sensitivity on circadian rhythm-related genes in the yellowtail clownfish,Amphiprion clarkii

Abstract

Using clock genes in the yellowtail clownfish Amphiprion clarkii, we investigated the effects of light spectra and melatonin on circadian rhythms using light-emitting diodes (LEDs): red, green, and blue. To assess differences in circadian rhythms under different LED light spectra, we measured changes in the expressions of Melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) and Period 2 (Per2) and Cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) genes and changes in the plasma melatonin levels. Under red light, MT1 expression was significantly higher than that under other light spectra, but Per2 and Cry1 expressions were significantly lower than were those under other light spectra. Plasma glucose was significantly higher under red light than under other light spectra. These results indicate that, because red light is rapidly absorbed by water molecules, it cannot be detected by fish and acts as a stressor. In addition, melatonin regulates circadian rhythms via clock genes, and green and blue lights may be the most suitable for altering circadian rhythms in yellowtail clownfish, as these wavelengths generally penetrate seawater more efficiently than that by red light.

Growth, development and survival of European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) larvae cultured under different light spectra and intensities

“…In addition, the nocturnal rise in melatonin production is due to an increase in the activity of AANAT (Klein, 2007). MTs are distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of vertebrate species and mediate various physiological functions of melatonin in these tissues (Park et al, 2013;Reppart, Weaver, & Godson, 1996). MTs are distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of vertebrate species and mediate various physiological functions of melatonin in these tissues (Park et al, 2013;Reppart, Weaver, & Godson, 1996).…”

Effect of LED light spectra on circadian rhythms in goldfishCarassius auratus: expression profiles following thermal stress

“…were lower than in the other LED groups; it seems that green LEDs stabilize physiological effects by reducing stress (Park et al 2013).…”

“…MTs are distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of vertebrate species and mediate various physiological functions of melatonin in these tissues (Reppert et al 1996;Park et al 2013). Dubocovich et al (2000) recently described three different subtypes of MTs: MT1, MT2 and MT3.…”

“…Recently, several studies have reported that fish circadian rhythms are regulated by irradiation with specific wavelengths of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (Shin et al 2011;Park et al 2013). Also, Shin et al (2012) reported on the benefits of narrow bandwidth light that promotes early growth and reproduction in yellowtail clownfish.…”

Adrenal peripheral clock disruption leads to altered circadian behavioral responses to voluntary exercise in middle-aged female mice

“…Many aspects of physical performance and associated physiological and biochemical changes display circadian rhythms in phase with the rhythm of core temperature (Reilly & Waterhouse 2009;Park et al 2013 and references therein). Glucocorticoid (GC, corticosterone in rodents and cortisol in primates), the main player of the HPA axis, is secreted by a subset of adrenocortical steroidogenic cells.…”