Effects of leg geometry and multistaging of thermoelectric modules on the performance of a photovoltaic‐thermoelectric system using different photovoltaic cells
“…The schematic diagram of the thermoelectric generator can be seen in Figure 4. The size of the thermoelectric generator used is 40×40 mm in length, with material properties shown in Table 1 [10,22,23]. While the value of Thermal Conductivity (k) and Seebeck Coefficient (S) in Bi2Te3 is determined using the formula below.…”
Section: Figure 1 Location Of the Study Areamentioning
The growing demand for energy has an impact on the development of environmentally friendly renewable energy. The sun is energy that has the potential to be used as electrical energy through light energy and heat energy. Recently, research interest related to photovoltaic performance has increased. Several studies have investigated the effect of panel cooling on photovoltaic performance. In this study, the use of exergy solar panels is considered to improve performance by adding a thermoelectric system. Research work related to photovoltaic testing with thermoelectrics at low temperatures has not been carried out. Therefore, experimental methods to obtain temperature profiles and simulation methods to see the power potential generated from thermoelectrics have been carried out. The experimental method is carried out using mono-crystalline panels with type K sensors to retrieve temperature data and data acquisition as deviations from the current, voltage, and temperature results of the panel. The simulation model was carried out using the ANSYS software. Tests are carried out, taking into account the effect of back panel temperature on system performance. The results showed that the photovoltaic temperature fluctuated due to the influence of cloud cover, the highest photovoltaic temperature was 57°C, and the lowest temperature was 30°C. The maximum power produced by photovoltaic is 39.8W. It is then applied to the thermoelectric simulation based on the highest temperature, and the maximum power value is 1673.4 mW. This photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator system produces a 4.2% increase in power value over conventional photovoltaic systems. The findings in this study can be used as a reference for all types of low-temperature photovoltaic-thermoelectric systems. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-07-02 Full Text: PDF
“…The schematic diagram of the thermoelectric generator can be seen in Figure 4. The size of the thermoelectric generator used is 40×40 mm in length, with material properties shown in Table 1 [10,22,23]. While the value of Thermal Conductivity (k) and Seebeck Coefficient (S) in Bi2Te3 is determined using the formula below.…”
Section: Figure 1 Location Of the Study Areamentioning
The growing demand for energy has an impact on the development of environmentally friendly renewable energy. The sun is energy that has the potential to be used as electrical energy through light energy and heat energy. Recently, research interest related to photovoltaic performance has increased. Several studies have investigated the effect of panel cooling on photovoltaic performance. In this study, the use of exergy solar panels is considered to improve performance by adding a thermoelectric system. Research work related to photovoltaic testing with thermoelectrics at low temperatures has not been carried out. Therefore, experimental methods to obtain temperature profiles and simulation methods to see the power potential generated from thermoelectrics have been carried out. The experimental method is carried out using mono-crystalline panels with type K sensors to retrieve temperature data and data acquisition as deviations from the current, voltage, and temperature results of the panel. The simulation model was carried out using the ANSYS software. Tests are carried out, taking into account the effect of back panel temperature on system performance. The results showed that the photovoltaic temperature fluctuated due to the influence of cloud cover, the highest photovoltaic temperature was 57°C, and the lowest temperature was 30°C. The maximum power produced by photovoltaic is 39.8W. It is then applied to the thermoelectric simulation based on the highest temperature, and the maximum power value is 1673.4 mW. This photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator system produces a 4.2% increase in power value over conventional photovoltaic systems. The findings in this study can be used as a reference for all types of low-temperature photovoltaic-thermoelectric systems. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-07-02 Full Text: PDF
“…19 Due to their harnessing of the TE effects to convert thermal energy, they have found various applications in converting waste heat in several power systems to electricity. 20 More specifically, they have proven to be good companions with PV systems in hybrid designs such as the PV-thermoelectric generators (TEGs) 21 and PV-TE coolers (TECs). 22 However, PV-TEC sandwiched module has shown improved the efficiency and the overall power output of the hybrid system due to the Peltier cooling process.…”
Section: Thermoelectric Devices Applied In Tandem Pvsmentioning
To facilitate the attainment of higher performance in the tandem perovskite/ silicon solar cell, this work seeks to conduct the thermodynamic modeling and analysis of a spectrum splitting tandem perovskite/silicon solar hybridized with thermoelectric (TE) devices. A dichroic beam splitter is employed as the solar concentrator for the utilization of the entire solar spectrum and the effects of temperature dependency and leg geometry alteration are considered in the TE device pins. Additionally, a TE cooler (TEC) is lapped behind the backplate of the tandem solar cell to reduce overheating and allow for higher power generation from the hybrid system. Finally, novel equations are developed to study the effects of varying the halide composition of the perovskite on the overall system performance. Among several fascinating results obtained, it was disclosed that increasing the bromine composition only improved the system's performance when a halide composition of 0.2 was used for hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite thickness ranging from 300 to 400 nm. It was also forecasted that as the solar cells are exposed to higher concentrated solar irradiances, the effects of increasing the halide composition on the system's performance will become more notable. Additionally, utilizing a TEC to maintain the tandem solar cell backplate temperature at 293K is not beneficial to the system's performance when a beam splitter is used. Finally, it was found that the highest system efficiency of 42% was obtained at a split wavelength of 800 nm which is considerably higher than the 23.6% reported for standalone perovskite/Si. These results are sufficient to provide useful insights regarding the operation of spectrum splitting tandem perovskite/silicon solar cells with TE devices.
“…The equations used to evaluate the TEG 36‐38 and solar TEG 39‐41 performances are shown in this sub‐section. The equations governing thermoelectric phenomena 42‐44 are also clearly presented. All variables are defined in the nomenclature table.…”
Summary
To further enhance the performance of the multi‐stage thermoelectric generator (TEG), this work conducts a comprehensive geometry and stage number optimization of a concentrating solar two‐stage TEG made of segmented pins in the second‐stage. The geometry optimization of the proposed device is comprehensive enough to include the individual and combined effects of the segmented pin's heights and cross‐sectional areas which were neglected in previous studies so as to select the best possible optimization parameter. Furthermore, the accuracy of the numerical results is ensured by accounting for temperature dependency in all thermoelectric materials while factoring radiative and convective losses associated with solar concentrating systems. Furthermore, a detailed stage number optimization of the proposed device is carried out by varying the number of stages from 1 to 4 to determine which stage number optimizes the device performance. Major results show that for three possible ways of optimizing the segment heights in the device, simultaneously increasing the n‐ and p‐high temperature material heights is the most effective, yielding a maximum efficiency of 9.28%. Furthermore, for 12 possible ways of optimizing the segment cross‐sectional areas, increasing the n‐ and p‐high temperature material areas is the most effective method, producing an efficiency of 13.82% at 3 mm2. Finally, increasing the number of stages is detrimental to the power output of the system while increasing its efficiency when only high temperature materials are used in the lower stages.
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