Effects of legalization and wildlife farming on conservation

Rizzolo, Jessica Bell

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01390

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…There is uncertainty over the preference consumers may have for wild vs. farmed tiger products (Coals et al, 2020;Hinsley and 't Sas-Rolfes, 2020), with wild tigers possibly being prized more for their power and strength (EIA, 2017). Stronger preferences for wild vs. farmed animal parts have been reported for other species, such as bears farmed for bear bile (Dutton et al, 2011), but these preferences are dynamic and can shift based on access and availabilty (Davis et al, 2021;Rizzolo, 2021). This uncertainty raises questions about the relationship between tiger farms and demand for tiger parts and products (Song and Yao, 2021).…”

Section: Conservation Context: Impacts Of Tiger Farming On Wild Tiger Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to this argument, the presumed benefits of legal supply might be undermined by imperfections in the tiger parts market, including dominance of a small number of producers controlling prices, the luxury status of tiger parts, and the relatively high expense of farming tigers (Kirkpatrick and Emerton, 2010). Legal markets for farmed tiger products might also lead to greater social acceptability of the product, thereby suppressing a stigma effect considered necessary to prevent unsustainable demand levels (Fischer, 2004;Rizzolo, 2021).…”

Section: Conservation Context: Impacts Of Tiger Farming On Wild Tiger Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the growth in tiger farms and potential demand for tiger parts globally, many scientists and conservation managers are seeking to better understand the impacts of tiger farming on wild tiger populations. The complex dynamics surrounding tiger farms highlight the need for holistic, systemsbased approaches to understand their full impact on wild tiger conservation (Rizzolo, 2021). Understanding complex systems such as those impacting tiger conservation efforts is exceptionally difficult (de Vos et al, 2019), but remains a global priority in conservation science.…”

Section: Conservation Context: Impacts Of Tiger Farming On Wild Tiger Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our approach is showing how systems thinking and systems-based approaches can help to address the complex social, economic, political, and ecological problems that threaten the survival of wild tigers. Application of systems thinking could improve coexistence with other species where contentious policy choices are being critically evaluated, such as elephants (Mahajan et al, 2019), rhinos ('t Sas-Rolfes, 2016), and wild horses (BLM, 2020); it could also facilitate understanding of conservation issues that span multiple species and contexts, such as the substitutability of tiger and lion products across the farmed/wild nexus (Coals et al, 2020;Rizzolo, 2021). Additionally, SD approaches create unique opportunities to explore the effects of different property rights or management regimes on wildlife (Wilson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Implications For Conservation Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Participatory System Dynamics Modeling to Address Complex Conservation Problems: Tiger Farming as a Case Study

Rieder

Larson

Sas‐Rolfes

et al. 2021

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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Conservation practitioners routinely work within complex social-ecological systems to address threats facing biodiversity and to promote positive human-wildlife interactions. Inadequate understanding of the direct and indirect, short- and long-term consequences of decision making within these dynamic systems can lead to misdiagnosed problems and interventions with perverse outcomes, exacerbating conflict. Participatory system dynamics (SD) modeling is a process that encourages stakeholder engagement, synthesizes research and knowledge, increases trust and consensus and improves transdisciplinary collaboration to solve these complex types of problems. Tiger conservation exemplifies a set of interventions in a complex social-ecological system. Wild tigers remain severely threatened by various factors, including habitat constraints, human-wildlife conflict, and persistent consumer demand for their body parts. Opinions differ on whether commercial captive tiger facilities reduce or increase the threat from poaching for trade, resulting in policy conflict among diverse stakeholder groups. This paper explains how we are working with international conservation partners in a virtual environment to utilize a participatory SD modeling approach with the goal of better understanding and promoting coexistence of humans and wild tigers. We highlight a step-by-step process that others might use to apply participatory SD modeling to address similar conservation challenges, building trust and consensus among diverse partners to reduce conflict and improve the efficacy of conservation interventions.

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Section: Conservation Context: Impacts Of Tiger Farming On Wild Tiger Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conservation Context: Impacts Of Tiger Farming On Wild Tiger Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conservation Context: Impacts Of Tiger Farming On Wild Tiger Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Conservation Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Using Participatory System Dynamics Modeling to Address Complex Conservation Problems: Tiger Farming as a Case Study

Rieder

Larson

Sas‐Rolfes

et al. 2021

Front. Conserv. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although law enforcement can be crucial for conservation e.g., by shaping social norms (Bell Rizzolo 2020), it has been ineffective as a long-term solution to abate the decline in illegal wildlife trade especially for high-value species such as pangolins (Venkataraman 2007;Challender and MacMillian 2014). Therefore, conservationists are focusing on studying human behaviors and implementing demand reduction campaigns to reduce the illegal wildlife trade (St John et al 2010;Milken and Shaw 2012;Veríssimo 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social mechanics of gifting bear bile in Việt Nam

My¹,

Davis²,

Glikman³

2021

Preprint

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The illegal wildlife trade is the major cause for global loss of diversity. In Southeast Asia regions and particularly in Vietnam, the consumption of wildlife products is mostly driven by the demand for food and traditional medicinal products. However, consumers’ motivations are poorly understood. In this study, we use mixed social science approaches and social network analysis to understand the social network influence on the consumption of bear bile through gift-giving practices in Hanoi and Nghe An. The study also provides a deeper understanding of how bear bile is consumed as gifts and the current information on bear bile usage. We found that 97.5% of all interviewees have given or received bear bile and the most common occasion for gift-giving is during visits between closed social circles of family and friends. Other reasons for giving bear bile include illnesses, gratitude, drinking among males, and ulterior motives.

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Media portrayal of the illegal trade in wildlife: The case of turtles in the US and implications for conservation

et al. 2023

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1. Illegal wildlife trade is a global threat to biodiversity, but its drivers and impacts and ways to combat it vary by taxa. News media framing of instances of illegal trade provides a novel window into understanding public perceptions of these dynamics and potential support for management actions.2. We used 54 known cases of illegal turtle trade in the United States occurring between 1998 and 2021 as a case study to investigate news media framing of this emergent issue in illegal wildlife trade. We synthesized information from these cases and qualitatively analysed how they were framed in 217 associated news articles.3. The 54 cases involved the illegal trade of at least 24,000 freshwater turtles of 34 different species; box turtles (Terrapene spp.) were traded the most. Of the known species involved, 23 were listed under one of the CITES Appendices, and 12 were considered threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.Trade occurred in at least 43 US states and 6 countries.4. Despite the multifaceted nature of these cases, problem and solution framing were relatively unvarying. Media coverage framed foreign demand, particularly from Asia for high-value pet turtles, as a main driver of illegal trade. Solutions focused on regulations and enforcement which follows global trends in illegal wildlife trade discourses. However, we also found that articles neutralized illegal turtle trade in several ways, reflecting a lack of perceived legitimacy of and necessity for trade rules and enforcement. 5. Without acknowledging longstanding and formerly legal practices in wildlife trading, conservation efforts which focus on regulations and enforcement may be undermined by a lack of normative compliance.

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Effects of legalization and wildlife farming on conservation

Cited by 31 publications

References 62 publications

Using Participatory System Dynamics Modeling to Address Complex Conservation Problems: Tiger Farming as a Case Study

Using Participatory System Dynamics Modeling to Address Complex Conservation Problems: Tiger Farming as a Case Study

Social mechanics of gifting bear bile in Việt Nam

Media portrayal of the illegal trade in wildlife: The case of turtles in the US and implications for conservation

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