Effects of Lignocellulosic Fillers from Waste Thyme on Melt Flow Behavior and Processability of Wood Plastic Composites (WPC) with Biobased Poly(ethylene) by Injection Molding

Muñoz, Néstor Montañés; Quiles-Carrillo, Luís; Bou, Santiago Ferrándiz; Fenollar, O.; Boronat, Teodomiro

doi:10.1007/s10924-019-01388-0

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Those fillers are introduced in the structure of polymers like poly (lactic acid) (PLA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) or polyester [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Nowadays, WPC can be employed as a substitute of wood due to its appearance for the fabrication of indoor and outdoor furniture, decks pergolas, and so on [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading Argan Shell Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Biobased Polyethylene Matrix and Different Compatibilizers

et al. 2021

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The present study reports on the development of wood plastic composites (WPC) based on micronized argan shell (MAS) as a filler and high-density polyethylene obtained from sugarcane (Bio-HDPE), following the principles proposed by the circular economy in which the aim is to achieve zero waste by the introduction of residues of argan as a filler. The blends were prepared by extrusion and injection molding processes. In order to improve compatibility between the argan particles and the green polyolefin, different compatibilizers and additional filler were used, namely polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA 3 wt.-%), maleinized linseed oil (MLO 7.5 phr), halloysite nanotubes (HNTs 7.5 phr), and a combination of MLO and HNTs (3.75 phr each). The mechanical, morphological, thermal, thermomechanical, colorimetric, and wettability properties of each blend were analyzed. The results show that MAS acts as a reinforcing filler, increasing the stiffness of the Bio-HDPE, and that HNTs further increases this reinforcing effect. MLO and PE-g-MA, altogether with HNTs, improve the compatibility between MAS and Bio-HDPE, particularly due to bonds formed between oxygen-based groups present in each compound. Thermal stability was also improved provided by the addition of MAS and HNTs. All in all, reddish-like brown wood plastic composites with improved stiffness, good thermal stability, enhanced compatibility, and good wettability properties were obtained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading Argan Shell Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Biobased Polyethylene Matrix and Different Compatibilizers

et al. 2021

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“…The composite density also showed improvements with the increase in pressing pressure. The increased pressing pressure increased the material packing pressure during the material solidification process [ 38 ]. During injection moulding, pressure not only acts as the main force to feed the molten material into the cavity mould, it also provides the packing force to compress the liquid polymer to penetrate the hollow fibres, known as the bulk packing effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower injection pressures caused the polymer to flow more slowly during the formation, and as a result the polymer surface coverage was not consistent under lower injection pressures. Montanes et al [ 38 ] stated that as the viscosity of the pulp–plastic mixture drops during the moulding process, this will create better flow of the melted materials and will improve the physical characteristics of the composite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Polypropylene Composite Reinforced with Chemi-Thermomechanical Pulp from Oil Palm Trunk via Injection Moulding Process

et al. 2023

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As the products made from wood–plastic composites (WPCs) become more sophisticated and required more detail profiles, the injection moulding processing method with wood pulp as the reinforcing material is the answer to cater to the rapid change and demands of composite products. The general objective of this study was to study the effects of the material formulation, as well as the injection moulding process parameters, on the properties of a polypropylene composite reinforced with chemi-thermomechanical pulp from oil palm trunks (PP/OPTP composite) via the injection moulding process. The PP/OPTP composite with a material formulation of 70% pulp/26% PP/4% Exxelor PO produced using injection moulding at 80 °C as the mould temperature and with 50 tonnes of injection pressure exhibited the highest physical and mechanical properties. The increment loading of pulp increased the water absorption capacity of the composite. Higher loading of the coupling agent effectively reduced the water absorption capacity and increased the flexural strength of the composite. The increase in mould temperature from unheated to 80 °C prevented excessive heat loss of the flowing material, which enabled the molten material to flow better and filled up all cavities in the mould. The increased injection pressure slightly improved the physical properties of the composite, but the effect on the mechanical properties was insignificant. For the future development of WPCs, further studies should be focused on the viscosity behaviour, as a greater understanding of the processing parameters’ effects on the PP/OPTP’s viscosity behaviour will lead to improved product design and enable great potential usage of WPCs.

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“…Moldex3D simulations have been performed to identify indicators of early wear for the polymeric insert materials. The reproducibility of the injection pressure is a good first indicator to assess the quality of injected parts [40]. To enable polymer injection, the screw in the injection unit is moved forward by a hydraulic or electric system, which generates pressure on the melt in front of the screw tip.…”

Section: In Silico Verification Of Wearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the Sustainability of the Hybrid Mold Technique through Combined Insert Polymeric Material and Additive Manufacturing Method Design

et al. 2022

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To reduce plastic waste generation from failed product batches during industrial injection molding, the sustainable production of representative prototypes is essential. Interesting is the more recent hybrid injection molding (HM) technique, in which a polymeric mold core and cavity are produced via additive manufacturing (AM) and are both placed in an overall metal housing for the final polymeric part production. HM requires less material waste and energy compared to conventional subtractive injection molding, at least if its process parameters are properly tuned. In the present work, several options of AM insert production are compared with full metal/steel mold inserts, selecting isotactic polypropylene as the injected polymer. These options are defined by both the AM method and the material considered and are evaluated with respect to the insert mechanical and conductive properties, also considering Moldex3D simulations. These simulations are conducted with inputted measured temperature-dependent AM material properties to identify in silico indicators for wear and to perform cooling cycle time minimization. It is shown that PolyJetted Digital acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer and Multi jet fusioned (MJF) polyamide 11 (PA11) are the most promising. The former option has the best durability for thinner injection molded parts, and the latter option the best cooling cycle times at any thickness, highlighting the need to further develop AM options.

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Effects of Lignocellulosic Fillers from Waste Thyme on Melt Flow Behavior and Processability of Wood Plastic Composites (WPC) with Biobased Poly(ethylene) by Injection Molding

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Upgrading Argan Shell Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Biobased Polyethylene Matrix and Different Compatibilizers

Upgrading Argan Shell Wastes in Wood Plastic Composites with Biobased Polyethylene Matrix and Different Compatibilizers

Characterisation of Polypropylene Composite Reinforced with Chemi-Thermomechanical Pulp from Oil Palm Trunk via Injection Moulding Process

Increasing the Sustainability of the Hybrid Mold Technique through Combined Insert Polymeric Material and Additive Manufacturing Method Design

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