Effects of liquid feeding of corn condensed distiller’s solubles and whole stillage on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and sensory traits of pigs

Abstract

BackgroundThe immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller’s solubles, which could be potentially used for animal feeding. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of liquid feeding high levels of corn condensed distiller’s solubles (CCDS) and whole stillage (CWS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, belly firmness and meat sensory traits of pigs.MethodsA total of 256 pigs were blocked by sex and initial BW (13.5 ± 2.5 kg), and pens of pigs (8 pigs/pen) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (8 pens/treatment): 1) corn-soybean meal based diet as control, 2) 25% CWS + 5% CCDS, 3) 19.5% CWS + 10.5% CCDS, and 4) 19.5, 26, and 32.5% CWS + 10.5, 14, and 17.5% CCDS in phases 1 (28 d), 2 (38 d), and 3 (60 d), respectively. Inclusion levels of CCDS and CWS for Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were fixed during all the three phases of the experiment. Inclusion levels of CWS and CCDS were on 88% dry matter basis. The liquid feeding system delivered feed from the mixing tank to feed troughs by high-pressure air, had sensors inside feed troughs, and recorded daily feed intake on the basis of a reference feed intake curve. The pigs were fed 5 to 10 times per day with increasing frequency during the experiment.ResultsControl pigs had greater (P < 0.05) average daily gain (0.91 vs. 0.84, 0.85, 0.85 kg/d) and gain to feed ratio (0.37 vs. 0.33, 0.34, 0.34) than pigs in the other three treatments during the overall period. Compared with the control, the other three groups had (P < 0.05) or tended to have (P < 0.10) lower carcass weight and backfat depth due to lighter (P < 0.05) slaughter body weight, but similar (P > 0.10) dressing percentage, loin muscle depth, and lean percentage were observed among the four treatments. Inclusion of CWS and CCDS reduced (P < 0.05) or tended to reduce (P < 0.10) belly firmness but did not influence (P > 0.10) the overall like, flavor, tenderness and juiciness of loin chops when compared with the control group.ConclusionIn conclusion, our results indicate that including 30–50% of a mixture of whole stillage and condensed distiller’s solubles in the growing-finishing diets may reduce growth performance, carcass weight and belly firmness, but does not affect pork sensory traits.

Feeding live Black Soldier Fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) to laying hens: effects on feed consumption, hen health, hen behavior, and egg quality

“…Several studies have investigated the effects of providing BSF larvae to both broilers and laying hens. In broilers, BSF larvae meal is a good source of apparent metabolizable energy and digestible amino acids ( De Marco et al, 2015 ; Schiavone et al, 2017b ) and has been shown to improve growth rate ( Oluokun, 2000 ). Feed containing BSF larvae oil has been shown to improve broiler chicken feed conversion ratio compared to corn oil and coconut oil ( Kim et al, 2020 ).…”

Efecto de alimentación húmeda de cerdos en finalización sobre el comportamiento productivo, composición de la canal y calidad de la carne

“…En conjunto, estos resultados indican que la alimentación húmeda de cerdos expuestos a condiciones de temperatura ambiente elevada podría mejorar no solamente el consumo de alimento sino también la eficiencia en la utilización del alimento. Yang et al (6) reportaron una menor GDP y EA en cerdos en crecimiento-finalización alimentados con una dieta líquida con subproductos de la industria del etanol, en comparación con los cerdos alimentados con una dieta húmeda a base de maíz y harina soya. Esto sugiere que, además del tipo de alimentación (húmeda o seca), los ingredientes utilizados también son importantes en la eficiencia productiva.…”

“…Alimentación húmeda ha demostrado reducir el estrés en la transición de dieta líquida a sólida de lechones destetados (1,2,3) y esto puede tener efectos beneficiosos tales como la reducción del uso de antibióticos en los sistemas de producción actuales (4,5) . Además, la alimentación húmeda, mejora el consumo de agua y alimento (3,6) , y el suministro de nutrientes en cerdos crecimiento-finalización (7) , comparada con la alimentación seca, pudiendo esto favorecer el comportamiento productivo (4) sin afectar el contenido de grasa y calidad de la canal en cerdos (1,5) .…”

Effectiveness of the liquid method of feeding suckling piglets

“…Це може мати позитивні наслідки, такі як зменшення використання антибіотиків у поточних системах виробництва (Moon et al, 2004;Zoric et al, 2015). Крім того, вологий корм покращує споживання води та корму (Moon et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2017) і збільшує постачання поживних речовин поросятам-сосунам (NRC, 2012) порівняно з сухим кормом, що, можливо, сприяє вищій продуктивності (Zijlstra et al, 1996;Brooks et al, 2001;Zoric et al, 2015). Інші автори (Chae, 2000) додають, що збільшення швидкості росту поросят значною мірою пов'язане зі збільшенням добровільного споживання корму та зменшенням втрат корму, що підвищує ефективність годівлі (Byrgesen et al, 2021;Boston et al, 2022;Chem et al, 2023).…”