Effects of live yeasts and their metabolic products on bumble bee microcolony development
Danielle Rukowski,
Makena Weston,
Rachel L. Vannette
Abstract:Bumble bees can benefit from fungi, though the mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unknown and could include nutrition, resource supplementation, or pathogen protection. We tested how adding living yeasts or their metabolic products to Bombus impatiens diets in a factorial experiment affects microcolony performance, including survival, reproduction, and pathogen presence. We additionally assessed effects of yeast treatments on diet (nectar and pollen) chemical composition using untargeted metabolomics.… Show more
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