Effects of local vanadium delivery on diabetic fracture healing

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of local vanadyl acetylacetonate (VAC), an insulin mimetic agent, upon the early and late parameters of fracture healing in rats using a standard femur fracture model. Mechanical testing, and radiographic scoring were performed, as well as histomorphometry, including percent bone, percent cartilage, and osteoclast numbers. Fractures treated with local 1.5 mg/kg VAC possessed significantly increased mechanical properties compared to controls at 6 weeks post-fracture, including increased torque to failure (15%; p = 0.046), shear modulus (89%; p = 0.043), and shear stress (81%; p = 0.009). The radiographic scoring analysis showed increased cortical bridging at 4 weeks and 6 weeks (119%; p = 0.036 and 209%; p = 0.002) in 1.5 mg/kg VAC treated groups. Histomorphometry of the fracture callus at days 10 and 14 showed increased percent cartilage (121%; p = 0.009 and 45%; p = 0.035) and percent mineralized tissue (66%; p = 0.035 and 58%; p = 0.006) with local VAC treated groups compared to control. Additionally, fewer osteoclasts were observed in the local VAC treated animals as compared to controls at day 14 (0.45% ± 0.29% vs. 0.83% ± 0.36% of callus area; p = 0.032). The results suggest local administration of VAC acts to modulate osteoclast activity and increase percentage of early callus cartilage, ultimately enhancing mechanical properties comparably to non-diabetic animals treated with local VAC. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2174-2180, 2017.

Bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) Induces Angiogenesis via Phosphorylation of VEGFR2

“…Research from Paglia et al and Ippolito et al has shown that a different organic vanadium salt, Vanadyl acetylacetonate (VAC), has a positive effect in promoting chondrogenic wound healing closure, most likely via increasing angiogenesis [18][19][20]. It was previously described that BMOV could enhance collateral blood flow in a rat model of peripheral vascular disease and increase the diameter of cerebral collateral in rats [9,23].…”

“…It has previously been shown that different organic vanadium salts have a positive effect in promoting wound healing closure, most likely via increasing angiogenesis. Vanadyl acetylacetonate (VAC) has been shown to increase chondrogenesis and angiogenesis in fracture healing in rats [18][19][20]. Based on these findings we hypothesized that BMOV would promote wound closure in vivo in C57BL/6JRj mice.…”

Effect of Vancomycin Applied to the Surgical Site on Fracture Healing in a Diabetic Rat Model

“…The diabetes-prone BB-Wistar rat is an animal model with a close homology to human type 1 DM pathology. 19,23 BB-Wistar rats were obtained from Health Canada Animal Research Division (Ottowa, Canada), housed under pathogen-free conditions, and fed ad libitum. Research protocols were approved by the Rutgers Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.…”

Vanadium in Biological Action: Chemical, Pharmacological Aspects, and Metabolic Implications in Diabetes Mellitus

“…Furthermore, this murine model causes severe cytotoxic effects related with the transport capacity of glucose through the glucose transporters GLUT-2 and GLUT-1 in the pancreas, liver, kidney, and brain, producing tissue-specific cell death and structural and metabolic changes. All these issues complicate the correct anti-diabetic evaluation of vanadium compounds using this model [276][277][278][279]. The hypoglycemic potential of various vanadium compounds has also been examined in models that present features similar to those observed in types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus.…”