Effects of long-acting, broad spectra anthelmintic treatments on the rumen microbial community compositions of grazing sheep

Moon, Christina D.; Carvalho, Luis; Kirk, Michelle R.; McCulloch, Alan; Kittelmann, Sandra; Young, Wayne; Janssen, Peter H.; Leathwick, Dave M.

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82815-y

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Among them, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium (6.63%↑, p = 0.081) and Methanobrevibacter olleyae (5.94%↑, p = 0.081) had a significant increasing trend following anthelmintic treatment. This was consistent with the findings in sheep by Moon et al ( 54 ), who indicated that an increase in relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter ruminantium was associated with anthelmintic treatment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Yang²,

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Intestinal microbiota is involved in immune response and metabolism of the host. The frequent use of anthelmintic compounds for parasite expulsion causes disturbance to the equine intestinal microbiota. However, most studies were on the effects of such treatment on the intestinal bacterial microbes; none is on the entire microbial community including archaea and eukaryotic and viral community in equine animals. This study is the first to explore the differences of the microbial community composition and structure in Przewalski's horses prior to and following anthelmintic treatment, and to determine the corresponding changes of their functional attributes based on metagenomic sequencing. Results showed that in archaea, the methanogen of Euryarchaeota was the dominant phylum. Under this phylum, anthelmintic treatment increased the Methanobrevibacter genus and decreased the Methanocorpusculum genus and two other dominant archaea species, Methanocorpusculum labreanum and Methanocorpusculum bavaricum. In bacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla. Anthelmintic treatment increased the genera of Clostridium and Eubacterium and decreased those of Bacteroides and Prevotella and dominant bacteria species. These altered genera were associated with immunity and digestion. In eukaryota, anthelmintic treatment also changed the genera related to digestion and substantially decreased the relative abundances of identified species. In virus, anthelmintic treatment increased the genus of unclassified_d__Viruses and decreased those of unclassified_f__Siphoviridae and unclassified_f__Myoviridae. Most of the identified viral species were classified into phage, which were more sensitive to anthelmintic treatment than other viruses. Furthermore, anthelmintic treatment was found to increase the number of pathogens related to some clinical diseases in horses. The COG and KEGG function analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota of Przewalski's horse mainly participated in the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. The anthelmintic treatment did not change their overall function; however, it displaced the population of the functional microbes involved in each function or pathway. These results provide a complete view on the changes caused by anthelmintic treatment in the intestinal microbiota of the Przewalski's horses.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Yang²,

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Those increased genera may have contributed greatly to diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium. The lower abundance of genera in yaks was in accordance with the results revealing Turicibacter and Lactobacillus in Salmonella-infected pigs (Garrido et al, 2021), Akkermansia and Roseburiain in colitis in mouse (Bu et al, 2021;Li et al, 2021), Adlercreutzia in influenza virus-infected mouse (Lu et al, 2021), Faecalibacterium in pre-eclampsia people (Chen et al, 2020), Methanosphaera in sheep without treatment of anthelmintic (Moon et al, 2021), Slackia in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada patients (Li et al, 2022a;Li et al, 2022b), Gemmiger in immune-mediated inflammatory people (Forbes et al, 2018), and Dorea in HIV patients . Those deficient genera in Cryptosporidium-infected animals may be the reason for diarrhea in yaks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Intestine microbiota and SCFAs response in naturally Cryptosporidium-infected plateau yaks

Dong

Chen²,

Zhao³

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Diarrhea is a severe bovine disease, globally prevalent in farm animals with a decrease in milk production and a low fertility rate. Cryptosporidium spp. are important zoonotic agents of bovine diarrhea. However, little is known about microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) changes in yaks infected with Cryptosporidium spp. Therefore, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing and detected the concentrations of SCFAs in Cryptosporidium-infected yaks. Results showed that over 80,000 raw and 70,000 filtered sequences were prevalent in yak samples. Shannon (p<0.01) and Simpson (p<0.01) were both significantly higher in Cryptosporidium-infected yaks. A total of 1072 amplicon sequence variants were shared in healthy and infected yaks. There were 11 phyla and 58 genera that differ significantly between the two yak groups. A total of 235 enzymes with a significant difference in abundance (p<0.001) were found between healthy and infected yaks. KEGG L3 analysis discovered that the abundance of 43 pathways was significantly higher, while 49 pathways were significantly lower in Cryptosporidium-infected yaks. The concentration of acetic acid (p<0.05), propionic acid (p<0.05), isobutyric acid (p<0.05), butyric acid (p<0.05), and isovaleric acid was noticeably lower in infected yaks, respectively. The findings of the study revealed that Cryptosporidium infection causes gut dysbiosis and results in a significant drop in the SCFAs concentrations in yaks with severe diarrhea, which may give new insights regarding the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in livestock.

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“…6 ), which highlights that time of sampling for this study has a larger impact on RMC profiles than the preservation method. Differences in RMC profiles between rounds are possibly driven by differences in the feed, which are suspected to be major drivers of RMC variation over time in sheep grazing pasture [ 40 ]. Nevertheless, the correlations between rounds within a method (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost sample preservation methods for high-throughput processing of rumen microbiomes

et al. 2022

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Background The use of rumen microbial community (RMC) profiles to predict methane emissions has driven interest in ruminal DNA preservation and extraction protocols that can be processed cheaply while also maintaining or improving DNA quality for RMC profiling. Our standard approach for preserving rumen samples, as defined in the Global Rumen Census (GRC), requires time-consuming pre-processing steps of freeze drying and grinding prior to international transportation and DNA extraction. This impedes researchers unable to access sufficient funding or infrastructure. To circumvent these pre-processing steps, we investigated three methods of preserving rumen samples for subsequent DNA extraction, based on existing lysis buffers Tris-NaCl-EDTA-SDS (TNx2) and guanidine hydrochloride (GHx2), or 100% ethanol. Results Rumen samples were collected via stomach intubation from 151 sheep at two time-points 2 weeks apart. Each sample was separated into four subsamples and preserved using the three preservation methods and the GRC method (n = 4 × 302). DNA was extracted and sequenced using Restriction Enzyme-Reduced Representation Sequencing to generate RMC profiles. Differences in DNA yield, quality and integrity, and sequencing metrics were observed across the methods (p < 0.0001). Ethanol exhibited poorer quality DNA (A260/A230 < 2) and more failed samples compared to the other methods. Samples preserved using the GRC method had smaller relative abundances in gram-negative genera Anaerovibrio, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Selenomonas, and Succiniclasticum, but larger relative abundances in the majority of 56 additional genera compared to TNx2 and GHx2. However, log10 relative abundances across all genera and time-points for TNx2 and GHx2 were on average consistent (R2 > 0.99) but slightly more variable compared to the GRC method. Relative abundances were moderately to highly correlated (0.68 ± 0.13) between methods for samples collected within a time-point, which was greater than the average correlation (0.17 ± 0.11) between time-points within a preservation method. Conclusions The two modified lysis buffers solutions (TNx2 and GHx2) proposed in this study were shown to be viable alternatives to the GRC method for RMC profiling in sheep. Use of these preservative solutions reduces cost and improves throughput associated with processing and sequencing ruminal samples. This development could significantly advance implementation of RMC profiles as a tool for breeding ruminant livestock.

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Effects of long-acting, broad spectra anthelmintic treatments on the rumen microbial community compositions of grazing sheep

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Metagenomic Analysis of Fecal Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Virus in Przewalski's Horses Following Anthelmintic Treatment

Intestine microbiota and SCFAs response in naturally Cryptosporidium-infected plateau yaks

Low-cost sample preservation methods for high-throughput processing of rumen microbiomes

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