Effects of long-term administration of enalapril on clinical indicators of renal function in dogs with compensated mitral regurgitation

Atkins, Clarke E.; Brown, W. A.; Coats, Julie R.; Crawford, Mary Ann; DeFrancesco, Teresa C.; Edwards, Joel; Fox, Philip R.; Keene, Bruce W.; Lehmkuhl, Linda B.; Luethy, Michael W.; Meurs, Kathryn M.; Petrie, Jean-Paul; Pipers, F. S.; Rosenthal, Steven; Sidley, Jennifer A.; Straus, Justin

doi:10.2460/javma.2002.221.654

Cited by 48 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, dogs of G2 showed no changes in red blood cell count. Serum levels of biochemical tests showed no significant change absent from deletery effects on liver and kidney functions, thus corroborating with what was described by Haggstron et al (1996) and Atkins et al (2002), studying the use of furosemide and enalapril maleate in dogs with DMMV. Serum sodium and potassium revealed a decline in the animals treated with furosemide, due to increased excretion caused by the medicine (Pereira 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In relation to radiography, Soares et al (2004) evaluated the radiographic features of chronic valve disease in dogs with a murmur of low to moderate intensity, describing that only 25% of the evaluated animals had cardiectasia. In relation to echocardiography, Firm & Petric (2002) Atkins et al (2002) have further highlighted its effectiveness after two years of therapy, reporting the absence of laboratory abnormalities in treated patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical evaluation of enalapril maleate and furosemide usage in dogs with degenerative myxomatous mitral valve, CHF functional class Ib

Franco¹,

Pereira²,

Camacho³

2011

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

791Pesq. Vet. Bras. 31(9):791-797, setembro 2011 RESUMO.-[Avaliação clínica da utilização do maleato de enalapril e furosemida em cães com doença degenerativa mixomatosa da válvula mitral, classe funcional Ib.] A doença degenerativa mixomatosa da válvula mitral (DDMVM) é uma cardiopatia de alta incidência na clínica médica de pequenos animais, acometendo mormente cães idosos e raças de pequeno porte. Desta forma, foi realizada uma investigação científica objetivando avaliar clinicamente a utilização dos fármacos maleato de enalapril e furosemida em cães com a referida enfermidade na classe funcional Ib da ICC, antes e após a terapêutica implantada. Para isso, utilizaram-se 16 cães portadores da valvulopatia supracitada, distribuídos em dois grupos; com o primeiro recebendo furosemida (n=8) e o segundo maleato de enalapril (n=8), durante 56 dias. Os cães foram avaliados em quatro momentos (T0, T14, T28 e T56 dias) quanto aos sinais clínicos e parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímico-séricos, que incluíram concentrações séricas da enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA) e aldosterona, como também avaliações radiográficas, eletrocardiográficas, ecodopplercardiográficas e da pressão arterial. Os resultados quanto aos parâmetros clínicos, avaliações hematológicas e bioquímicas séricas não revelaram alterações significativas em ambos os grupos, mas reduções significativas nos valores de ECA e aldosterona no grupo que recebeu o maleato de enalapril foram identificadas. Ao exame radiográfico obser- Degenerative myxomatous mitral valve (DMMV) is a heart disease of high incidence in small animal clinical medicine, affecting mainly older dogs and small breeds. Thus, a scientific investigation was performed in order to evaluate the clinical use of the medicines furosemide and enalapril maleate in dogs with this disease in CHF functional class Ib before and after the treatment was established. For this purpose 16 dogs with the given valve disease were used, separated into two groups: the first received furosemide (n=8) and the second received enalapril maleate (n=8) throughout 56 days. The dogs were evaluated in four stages (T0, T14, T28 and T56 day) in relation to clinical signs, hematological, biochemical and serum assessment, which included serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and aldosterone, as well as radiography, electrocardiography, Doppler-echocardiography and blood pressure. The results regarding the clinical, hematological and serum chemistry evaluations revealed no significant changes in both groups, but significant reductions in the values of ACE and aldosterone in the group receiving enalapril maleate were verified. The radiographic examination revealed reductions of VHS values and variable Pms wave of the electrocardiogram in both groups, but no changes in blood pressure values were identified. The echocardiogram showed a significant decrease of the variables LVDd/ s in the studied groups and the FS% in animals that received only enalapril. Therefore, analysis of results showed that monotherapy based on e...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical evaluation of enalapril maleate and furosemide usage in dogs with degenerative myxomatous mitral valve, CHF functional class Ib

Franco¹,

Pereira²,

Camacho³

2011

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Plasma creatinine or urea concentration may progressively increase during ACE inhibitors treatment, most often within the reference range, as previously observed in dogs with CHF treated with quinapril and captopril [26] or benazepril [23]. During long-term ACE inhibitor treatment in similar patients, serum/plasma creatinine remained unchanged with enalapril [70] or tended to decrease with benazepril [58]. GFR also was not altered by benazepril treatment in dogs with decompensating experimental heart failure [15].…”

Section: Specific Adverse Effects Of Ace Inhibitors Reported In Dogssupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Plasma creatinine, ALAT and urea concentrations, and the number of cases of hyperkaliemia were not different between the 2 groups, but more cases of creatinine higher than 124 mol/L occurred in the placebo group. a reference [19], b reference [18], c reference [20], d reference [22], e reference [70], f reference [17], g reference [23], h references [21,58].…”

Section: Enalapril Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Veterinary Medicine

Lefebvre¹,

Brown²,

Chetboul³

et al. 2007

CPD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors represent one of the most commonly used categories of drugs in canine and feline medicine. ACE inhibitors currently approved for use in veterinary medicine are benazepril, enalapril, imidapril and ramipril. They are all pro-drugs administered by oral route. A physiologically based model taking into account the saturable binding to ACE has been developed for pharmacokinetic analysis. The bioavailability of the active compounds from their respective pro-drug is low. The active metabolites are eliminated by renal, hepatorenal or biliary excretion, according to the drug. The elimination half-life of the free fraction of the active compounds is very short (ranging from approximately 10 min to 2 h). ACE inhibitors are generally well tolerated. Benazepril, enalapril, imidapril and ramipril are approved for dogs with chronic heart failure (CHF). The efficacy of ACE inhibitors has been convincingly demonstrated in dogs with CHF, especially in those with chronic valvular disease. In such clinical settings, ACE inhibitors improve hemodynamics and clinical signs, and increase survival time. In cats with cardiovascular disease, little information is available except for reports of some benefit in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in two non-controlled investigations. ACE inhibitors have also a mild to moderate hypotensive effect. There is also evidence to recommend ACE inhibitors in dogs and cats with chronic renal failure (CRF). They decrease the glomerular capillary pressure, have antiproteinuric effects, tend to delay the progression of CRF and to limit the extent of renal lesions.

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In an ongoing study of dogs, our laboratory has proven the long-term safety of enalapril in the management of naturally acquired mitral valvular insufficiency. 16 Studies in normal horses by means of enalaprilat IV have shown enalapril to be pharmacologically active, reducing ACE activity and blunting the hypertensive response to angiotensin I. 10,11 Heart failure is a complication of valvular dysplasia, congenital defects, myocarditis, pericarditis, and pulmonary hypertension secondary to heaves in the horse and carries a poor prognosis.…”

Section: Jvim 18_218 Mp_235mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of the Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, Enalapril, in Horses

Gardner

Atkins

Samś

et al. 2004

Veterinary Internal Medicne

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pharmacokinetics of enalapril (0.5 mg/kg IV) and the pharmacodynamics of enalapril (0.5 mg/kg PO) in 5 mares were investigated. After single IV dosing, concentrations of enalapril and enalaprilat, its active metabolite, were measured. Two weeks later, enalapril was administered by nasogastric tube. Potassium, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), enalapril, and enalaprilat concentrations and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity were measured in serum. In addition, heart rate, blood pressure, digital venous blood gases, and lactate were measured. Two weeks later, enalapril was again administered by nasogastric tube. To mimic activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, angiotensin I (0.5 g/kg) was administered at fixed intervals, followed by blood-pressure and heart-rate measurement. The elimination half lives of enalapril and enalaprilat were 0.59 and 1.25 hours, respectively, after IV administration. After PO administration, enalapril and enalaprilat were not detectable in serum. There was a tendency (P ϭ .0625) toward a decrease in ACE activity 45-120 minutes after enalapril administration, but ACE activity suppression was never Ͼ16%. There was a tendency (P ϭ .0625) toward a decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) 6-8 hours after enalapril administration. Serum concentrations of potassium, creatinine, and BUN and digital venous blood gases and lactate concentrations did not change. In response to angiotensin I, there was a tendency (P ϭ .0625) toward a decrease in the MAP response 4-24 hours after enalapril administration. Single-dose enalapril at 0.5 mg/kg PO did not demonstrate significant availability, pharmacodynamic effect, or substantial suppression of ACE activity.

show abstract

Effects of long-term administration of enalapril on clinical indicators of renal function in dogs with compensated mitral regurgitation

Abstract: And Clinical Relevance: Results suggest that administration of enalapril for up to 2 years did not have any demonstrable adverse effects on renal function in dogs with severe, compensated mitral regurgitation.

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Clinical evaluation of enalapril maleate and furosemide usage in dogs with degenerative myxomatous mitral valve, CHF functional class Ib

Clinical evaluation of enalapril maleate and furosemide usage in dogs with degenerative myxomatous mitral valve, CHF functional class Ib

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Veterinary Medicine

Characterization of the Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of the Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, Enalapril, in Horses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About