Effects of long-term straw return on soil organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities in a double-cropped rice paddy in South China

Huang, Wan; Wu, Jianguo; Pan, Xiaohua; Tan, Xueming; Zeng, Yongjun; Shi, Qinghua; Liu, Tao-ju; Zeng, Yanhua

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(20)63347-0

Cited by 81 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Many studies have reported that straw returning increased crop yields and nutrient uptake [22,37,38]. Our study showed similar results during ten-year field experiments where the same fertilizer inputs were applied among the four treatments, especially for oilseed rape (Figure 1).…”

Section: Effects Of Long-term Of Straw Returning and K Fertilizer On Crop Yieldsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…However, the addition of crop straw (NPS and NPKS treatment) could increase the richness index and diversity index compared with those of NPK treatment. This was because straw incorporation provided exogenous organic carbon resources for bacteria and fungi living, which was conducive to their breeding growth, reduced competition between them, and enhanced diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities [17,38]. Therefore, straw incorporation directly affects the microbial alpha diversity by promoting or inhibiting the change of soil bacterial and fungal composition, further impacting the soil biological fertility.…”

Section: Effects Of Long-term Straw Returning and K Fertilizer On The Soil Microbial Alpha Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Long-Term Straw Management and Potassium Fertilization on Crop Yield, Soil Properties, and Microbial Community in a Rice–Oilseed Rape Rotation

Gan

Chen

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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The present study aims to assess the influences of long-term crop straw returning and recommended potassium fertilization on the dynamic change in rice and oilseed rape yield, soil properties, bacterial and fungal alpha diversity, and community composition in a rice–oilseed rape system. A long-term (2011–2020) field experiment was carried out in a selected paddy soil farmland in Jianghan Plain, central China. There were four treatments with three replications: NP, NPK, NPS, and NPKS, where nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), potassium (K), and (S) denote N fertilizer, P fertilizer, K fertilizer, and crop straw, respectively. Results showed that long-term K fertilization and crop straw returning could increase the crop yield at varying degrees for ten years. Compared with the NP treatment, the long-term crop straw incorporation with K fertilizer (NPKS treatment) was found to have the best effect, and the yield rates increased by 23.0% and 20.5% for rice and oilseed rape, respectively. The application of NPK fertilizer for ten years decreased the bacterial and fungal alpha diversity and the relative abundance of dominant bacterial and fungal taxa, whereas continuous straw incorporation had a contradictory effect. NPKS treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of some copiotrophic bacteria (Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, and Proteobacteria) and fungi (Ascomycota). Available K, soil organic matter, dissolved organic carbon, and easily oxidized organic carbon were closely related to alterations in the composition of the dominant bacterial community; easily oxidized organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and slowly available K were significantly correlated with the fungal community. We conclude that long-term crop straw returning to the field accompanied with K fertilizer should be employed in rice-growing regions to achieve not only higher crop yield but also the increase in soil active organic carbon and available K content and the improvement of the biological quality of farmland.

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Section: Effects Of Long-term Of Straw Returning and K Fertilizer On Crop Yieldsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Effects Of Long-term Straw Returning and K Fertilizer On The Soil Microbial Alpha Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Long-Term Straw Management and Potassium Fertilization on Crop Yield, Soil Properties, and Microbial Community in a Rice–Oilseed Rape Rotation

Gan

Chen

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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“…Similar to previous studies on crop straw management [14,36,37], our results indicated that a high straw incorporation rate led to higher SOC concentrations compared to not-fertilized treatment (CK). However, the straw incorporation at the moderate (NPKS1) and high (NPKS2) rates did not result in differences in SOC concentrations in comparison to the fertilized treatment (NPK).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Differential Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Carbon Turnover Related Enzyme Activities to Wheat Straw Incorporation in Subtropical China

Dai¹,

Fang²,

Gao³

et al. 2022

Phyton

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and C turnover related enzyme activities are essential for nutrient cycling. This is because they are regarded as important indicators of soil fertility and quality. We measured the effects of wheat straw incorporation on SOC fractions and C turnover related enzyme activities in a paddy field in subtropical China. Soil samples were collected from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths after rice harvesting. The total SOC concentrations were higher in the high rate of wheat straw incorporation treatment (NPKS2) than in the not fertilized control (CK) (P < 0.05). The concentrations of labile C fractions [i.e., water soluble organic C (WSOC), hot-water soluble organic C (HWSOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), and easily oxidizable C (EOC)], were higher in the moderate NPKS1 and NPKS2 treatments than in CK and the fertilized treatment without straw (NPK) (P < 0.05). The geometric means of labile C (GMC) and C pool management index (CPMI) values were highest in NPKS2 (P < 0.05). The SOC concentrations correlated positively with the labile C fractions (P < 0.05). Soil cellulase activity and the geometric mean of enzyme activities (GMea) were higher in NPKS2 than in CK in all soil layers (P < 0.05), and the invertase activity was higher in NPKS2 than in CK in the 0-10 cm layer (P < 0.05).Stepwise multiple linear regression indicated that the formation of the SOC, WSOC, HWSOC, MBC, and EOC was mostly enhanced by the cellulase and invertase activities (P < 0.05). Therefore, the high rate of wheat straw incorporation may be recommended to increase soil C pool levels and soil fertility in subtropical paddy soils.

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“…However, in our study, incorporation of maize straw in the soil did not improve soil P availability in both soils. In long term field studies, the addition of organic matter rather than straw influenced the soil P availability (Huang et al, 2021;Sales et al, 2017). The type of straw and its processing before incorporating into soil may affect its soil enrichment capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of phosphorus from recycled fertilizers to different soil fractions determines the phosphorus availability in soil

Yuan

Zhang

Müller

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Recycling of agricultural wastes to reduce mineral fertilizer input, in particular phosphorous (P), plays crucial role in sustainable agriculture production. Understanding the transformation of phosphorous (P) fractions and their bioavailability following soil application of different renewable P-contained fertilizers is very important for improving P use efficiency and reducing environmental risks. In this study, the effects of mineral P-fertilizer superphosphate and recycled P-fertilizers, i.e., poultry manure, cattle manure, maize straw and cattle bone meal, on their distribution to different soil P fractions, their transformation and the availability of soil P were determined by soil P sequential fractionation and 31P solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results showed that addition of mineral P fertilizer, poultry manure and cattle manure increased P fixation in a red soil more than that in a fluvo-aquic soil. In both fluvo-aquic and red soils, cattle manure out-performed all other recycled P sources used in improving soil P availability. The concentration of Olsen-P in fluvo-aquic and red soils supplemented with cattle manure were increased by 41 %–380 % and 16 %–70 % than the other recycled P sources. A structural equation model (SEM) explained 95 % and 91 % of Olsen-P variation in fluvo-aquic and red soils, respectively. Labile P fractions had positive effects on Olsen-P of fluvo-aquic and red soils. 31P-NMR study showed that amount of orthophosphate was the main factor affecting the availability of P from different P sources. In summary, cattle manure was found to be a superior renewable source of P in improving bioavailable P in soil, and its use thus has considerable practical significance in P recycling.

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Effects of long-term straw return on soil organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities in a double-cropped rice paddy in South China

Cited by 81 publications

References 73 publications

Effects of Long-Term Straw Management and Potassium Fertilization on Crop Yield, Soil Properties, and Microbial Community in a Rice–Oilseed Rape Rotation

Effects of Long-Term Straw Management and Potassium Fertilization on Crop Yield, Soil Properties, and Microbial Community in a Rice–Oilseed Rape Rotation

Differential Responses of Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Carbon Turnover Related Enzyme Activities to Wheat Straw Incorporation in Subtropical China

The distribution of phosphorus from recycled fertilizers to different soil fractions determines the phosphorus availability in soil

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