Effects of Low and High FODMAP Diets on Human Gastrointestinal Microbiota Composition in Adults with Intestinal Diseases: A Systematic Review

Vandeputte, Doris; Joossens, Marie

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8111638

Cited by 51 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…FODMAPs are prebiotics, which are nutrients for gastrointestinal microbes [68,69]. It is suspected that by eliminating products in the diet that provide these compounds, one is exposed to reduced food for the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Low Fodmapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Supplementation in Ulcerative Colitis

et al. 2022

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) belongs to the group of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). UC is an incurable, diffuse, and chronic inflammatory process of the colonic mucosa with alternating periods of exacerbation and remission. This review aimed to analyze the scientific research conducted to date to determine what impact different nutritional plans and dietary supplements may have on the course of UC. The latest 98 articles about nutrition and supplementation in ulcerative colitis were used to prepare the work. Certain components in food can greatly influence the course of UC, inducing changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiome. This activity may be an important part of therapy for people with IBD. The Mediterranean diet has shown the most promising results in the treatment of patients with UC due to its high content of biologically active foods. Patients with UC may benefit from the UC Exclusion Diet (UCED); however, it is a new nutritional plan that requires further research. Patents frequently resort to unconventional diets, which, because of their frequent elimination of nutrient-rich foods, can worsen the health and nutritional status of those who follow them. The benefits of omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics supplementation may have additional therapeutic effects; however, the evidence is not unequivocal.

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Section: Low Fodmapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Supplementation in Ulcerative Colitis

et al. 2022

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“…Currently, the role of FODMAPs in the intestinal microbiota has been studied, noting that the low intake of these compounds is related to a reduction in the symptoms of various gastrointestinal diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease [266,267]. Conversely, a diet high in FODMAPs seems to have an opposite effect to prebiotic supplementation, decreasing Bifidobacterium populations and increasing bacteria associated with dysbiosis [266].…”

Section: Prebiotics and Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Gut Microbiota Balance on the Health–Disease Relationship: The Importance of Consuming Probiotics and Prebiotics

Olvera-Rosales

Cruz‐Guerrero

Ramírez‐Moreno

et al. 2021

Foods

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Gut microbiota is a group of microorganisms that are deposited throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract. Currently, thanks to genomic tools, studies of gut microbiota have pointed towards the understanding of the metabolism of important bacteria that are not cultivable and their relationship with human homeostasis. Alterations in the composition of gut microbiota could explain, at least in part, some epidemics, such as diabetes and obesity. Likewise, dysbiosis has been associated with gastrointestinal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancer. That is why several studies have recently been focused on the direct relationship that these types of conditions have with the specific composition of gut microbiota, as in the case of the microbiota–intestine–brain axis. In the same way, the control of microbiota is related to the diet. Therefore, this review highlights the importance of gut microbiota, from its composition to its relationship with the human health–disease condition, as well as emphasizes the effect of probiotic and prebiotic consumption on the balance of its composition.

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“…This approach consists of a diet low in Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides and Polyols (FODMAP). The use of the low-FODMAP diet in IBD has been reviewed previously [53,54]. This narrative review, besides discussing the implementation of the low-FODMAP diet in IBD, provides an updated overview of the effect of individual FODMAPs on the human gut microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FODMAPs, inflammatory bowel disease and gut microbiota: updated overview on the current evidence

2022

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Purpose Based on the fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) hypothesis, the low-FODMAP diet has been suggested as a potential therapeutic approach for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with promising results on disease management. However, this diet implies a specific broad food restriction, which potentially increases the risk of nutritional deficiencies and may aggravate gut microbiota dysbiosis of IBD patients. The aim of the present study is to review the effect of individual FODMAPs on the human gut microbiota. In addition, this narrative review provides an updated overview of the use of the low-FODMAP diet in IBD, namely the implementation, advantages, limitations, and the impact on the gut microbiota. Methods The literature search strategy was applied to PubMed and Web of Science using relevant keywords, IBD, FOD-MAPs, Fructose, Lactose, Polyols, FOS, GOS, low-FODMAP diet and gut microbiota. Results Current data suggest that the low-FODMAP diet may effectively improve clinical outcomes in the management of IBD and ensure better quality of life for IBD patients. However, there is evidence highlighting some issues of concern, particularly the adequacy of the diet and the impact on the gut microbiota. The various FODMAP types differently modulate the gut microbiota. Conclusion IBD management should be achieved with the least possible dietary restriction to avoid detrimental consequences, particularly on nutritional adequacy and gut microbiota. Thus, it is important to individualize and monitor the nutrition intervention. Further studies are required to better characterize the relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and IBD to support the generalization of this approach for clinical practice in IBD therapy and management.

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Effects of Low and High FODMAP Diets on Human Gastrointestinal Microbiota Composition in Adults with Intestinal Diseases: A Systematic Review

Cited by 51 publications

References 109 publications

Nutrition and Supplementation in Ulcerative Colitis

Nutrition and Supplementation in Ulcerative Colitis

Impact of the Gut Microbiota Balance on the Health–Disease Relationship: The Importance of Consuming Probiotics and Prebiotics

FODMAPs, inflammatory bowel disease and gut microbiota: updated overview on the current evidence

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