Effects of Low Back Pain on Balance Performance in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Research suggests that individuals with low back pain (LBP) may have poorer motor control compared to their healthy counterparts; however, the sample population of almost 90% of related articles are young and middle-aged people. There is still a lack of a systematicreview about the balance performance of elderly people with low back pain. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the effects of LBP on balance performance in elderly people.Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis included a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for full-text articles published before January 2020. Two independent reviewers screened the relevant articles, and disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer.Results: Thirteen case-control studies comparing balance performance parameters between LBP and healthy subjects and four randomised controlled studies on physical therapy to improve thebalance performance of elderly people with LBP were included. The experimental group (LBP group) was associated with significantly larger area of centre of pressure movement (P < 0.001), higher velocity of centre of pressure sway in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions(P= 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively), longer path length in the anteroposterior direction (P < 0.001), slower walking speed (P = 0.05), and longer timed up and go test time (P = 0.004) than the control group.Conclusion: The results showed that balance performance was impaired in elderly people with LBP. We should pay more attention to the balance control of elderly people with LBP.