Effects of low crude protein content and glycine supplementation on broiler chicken performance, carcass traits, and litter quality.

Hejdysz, Marcin; Bogucka, Joanna; Ziółkowska, Ewa; Perz, Katarzyna; Jarosz, Łukasz; Ciszewski, Artur; Nowaczewski, S.; Śłósarz, P.; Kaczmarek, S.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104930

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The current results suggested that reducing the CP level in the diet at 10 g/kg decreased ADG from 22 to 42 days and from 1 to 42 days. Similar to our results, Hejdysz et al ( 22 ) also found that feeding broilers low-CP diets had no negative effect on growth performance in the starter period, while ADG was decreased in the grower, finisher and whole periods when the dietary CP level was reduced by 1 to 3%. Although free amino acids were added to a low-CP diet to meet nitrogen requirements, an imbalance between energy and protein may hamper nutrient digestion and absorption, thus leading to compromised performance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In this study, our results suggested that broilers fed a low-CP diet had increased relative weights of the proventriculus and gizzard at 21 days of age but decreased weights of the proventriculus, gizzard and liver at 42 days of age, indicating that the CP level in the diet can affect the development of these digestive organs. Presumably, the proventriculus and gizzard are the main sites of nutrient digestion, and the liver is the site of nutrient metabolism, both of which are more sensitive to nutrient disturbance, such as a change in CP level ( 22 ). Inclusion of ESBM in a low-CP diet increased the relative weights of the pancreas and gizzard at 21 days of age and that of the liver, pancreas, proventriculus and gizzard at 42 days of age in this study, and the 2% ESBM group showed the highest value, suggesting that a low-CP diet supplemented with ESBM could contribute to the development of digestive organs in broilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzymolytic soybean meal improves growth performance, economic efficiency and organ development associated with cecal fermentation and microbiota in broilers offered low crude protein diets

Zhu,

Gao,

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of low crude protein (CP) diets containing increasing amounts of enzymolytic soybean meal (ESBM) on growth performance, economic benefit and organ development and the role of cecal fermentation and microbiota in broilers. A total of 360 one-day-old Arbor Acres chicks were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 6 replicates and 10 chicks each. The six dietary treatments consisted of a standard high-CP diet (PC), a low-CP diet (NC), and an NC diet with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5%, or 2.0% ESBM. The experiment lasted for 42 days. Compared to PC, NC showed decreased (p < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) in broilers from 22 to 42 days and from 1 to 42 days, while increasing levels of ESBM quadratically increased (p < 0.05) ADG from 1 to 42 days. Feed cost and total revenue in the NC were lower (p < 0.05) than that in the PC, while supplementation with ESBM in the NC linearly increased (p < 0.05) net profit and economic efficiency in broilers. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the liver, proventriculus and gizzard indices between the PC and NC groups, and supplementation with ESBM linearly increased (p < 0.05) the relative weights of liver, pancreas, proventriculus and gizzard in broilers at 42 days of age. The PC group had a higher cecal acetic acid concentration at 21 days and propionic acid concentration at both 21 and 42 days than the NC group (p < 0.05). Cecal acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations linearly increased (p < 0.05) with increasing levels of ESBM in broilers at 42 days of age. No significant differences in ACE, Chao1, Shannon and Simpson indices were observed among groups (p > 0.05), while the cecal abundances of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium and Clostridium IV increased (p < 0.05) with the increasing level of ESBM in the low-CP diets. In conclusion, feeding ESBM improved economic efficiency, digestive organ development, cecal fermentation and microbial community composition, and up to 2.0% ESBM addition had no negative effect on the growth performance in broilers fed low CP diets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymolytic soybean meal improves growth performance, economic efficiency and organ development associated with cecal fermentation and microbiota in broilers offered low crude protein diets

Zhu,

Gao,

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The AMEn-to-CP ratio of LP diets was nearly the same, but only the LP3 treatment resulted in a significant increase in the abdominal fat pad ratio. The use of synthetic Gly supplementation can reduce the fatness of broilers fed LP diets ( 37 , 54 , 55 ). According to studies with poultry, rats, and swine, increasing dietary Gly or betaine (trimethylglycine) has been demonstrated to stimulate lipid oxidation and reduce plasma concentrations of triglycerides and fat deposition ( 56–58 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different dietary threonine and glycine supplies in broilers fed low-protein diets

Strifler,

Horváth,

Such

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The reduction of crude protein (CP) content of broiler diets with balanced amino acid supply can increase the nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency and reduce ammonia emission, the risk of many health problems in birds. Feeding low protein (LP) diets without the impairment of performance traits needs the optimized dietary levels of threonine (Thr) and the non-essential amino acid (AA) glycine (Gly) and serine (Ser). However, the required concentrations and interactions of Thr and Gly + Ser, expressed as Gly equivalent (Glyequi), in LP diets are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three LP (LP1–3) grower (11–24 days) and finisher (25–35 days) diets with 2% CP reduction compared to the control (C), differing in standardized ileal digestible (SID) Thr to lysine (Lys) ratio (C, LP1, LP3: 63%, LP2: 72%) and Glyequi levels (C: 15.65 g/kg, LP1: 13.74 g/kg, LP2: 13.70 g/kg, LP3: 15.77). The LP treatments did not impair the performance traits of broilers. The LP2 treatment with increased SID Thr-to-Lys ratio (+9.0%) resulted in significantly higher body weight gain and a more advantageous feed conversion ratio in the whole fattening compared to the control treatment with normal CP level (p < 0.05). The LP3 treatment containing swine meat meal with similar Glyequi levels compared to the normal CP treatment led to the most advantageous feed conversion ratio in the finisher phase and the highest nitrogen retention efficiency (p < 0.05). However, the LP3 treatment with a high starch-to-CP ratio negatively influenced the relative carcass weight and the ratio of abdominal fat of broilers (p < 0.05).

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“…Understanding the active roles play by Gly in several number of non-protein pathways can further account for the reasons why it can potentially improve the performance of broiler chickens supplied with RCPD [37]. Gly plays significant function for methionine recycling and cysteine biosynthesis, threonine catabolism, uric acid and creatine synthesis [38]. Moreover, Gly represents the main part of the gut mucin glycoproteins [39].…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Glycine Supplementation to Dietary Crude Protein Reduction in Broiler Chickens

Aguihe¹,

Ilaboya²,

Joshua³

2023

Dietary Supplements - Challenges and Future Research

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A 21-day experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary reduction of crude protein (CP) concentrations with graded levels of supplemental glycine (Gly) on growth performance of broiler chickens. Day-old chicks (n = 250) were randomly divided into five treatment groups which were divided into five replicates of ten chicks each in a completely randomized design. The treatments were as follows: T1 comprised of the control group with a standard CP diet (SCPD; 3100 kcal ME/kg and 22% CP) while T2, T3, T4 and T5 comprised of groups fed reduced CP diets (RCPD; 3100 kcal ME/kg and 19% CP) with supplemental Gly at 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8% graded levels, respectively. Weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) data was collected on a weekly basis. Final body weight and weight gain of birds fed control and 0.8% Gly diets were similar and higher (P < 0.05) than those fed other treatment diets. A similar FCR was recorded among birds fed control, 0.6% and 0.8% Gly diets but lower (P < 0.05) than other treatment groups. Therefore, a minimum level of 0.6% Gly supplementation is necessary to optimized performance of broilers (21-d old) fed RCPD.

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Effects of low crude protein content and glycine supplementation on broiler chicken performance, carcass traits, and litter quality.

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Enzymolytic soybean meal improves growth performance, economic efficiency and organ development associated with cecal fermentation and microbiota in broilers offered low crude protein diets

Enzymolytic soybean meal improves growth performance, economic efficiency and organ development associated with cecal fermentation and microbiota in broilers offered low crude protein diets

Effects of different dietary threonine and glycine supplies in broilers fed low-protein diets

Impact of Glycine Supplementation to Dietary Crude Protein Reduction in Broiler Chickens

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