Effects of low-level laser irradiation on proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells seeded on a three-dimensional biomatrix: in vitro pilot study

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow are a recent source for tissue engineering. Several studies have shown that low-level laser irradiation has numerous biostimulating effects. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the effects of Nd:Yag laser irradiation on proliferation and differentiation of MSCs induced into the osteoblastic lineage. MSCs were collected from adult human bone marrow, isolated, and cultured in complete medium (α-MEM). Subsequently, they were treated with osteogenic medium, seeded in three-dimensional collagen scaffolds, and incubated. We used six scaffolds, equally divided into three groups: two of these were irradiated with Nd:Yag laser at different power levels (15 Hz, 100 mJ, 1.5 W, and one with a power level of 15 Hz, 150 mJ, 2.25 W), and one was left untreated (control group). Evaluations with specific staining were performed at 7 and 14 days. After 7 days, proliferation was significantly increased in scaffolds treated with laser, compared with the control scaffold. After 14 days, however, laser irradiation did not appear to have any further effect on cell proliferation. As concerns differentiation, an exponential increase was observed after 14 days of laser irradiation, with respect to the control group. However, this was a pilot study with very limited sample size, we conclude, that low-level laser irradiation might lead to a reduction in healing times and potentially reduces risks of failure.

Effect of low-level laser therapy on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation: a systematic review

“…The laser is a source of electromagnetic radiation, having special characteristics that differ from other conventional incandescent sources, making its use feasible in several medical applications [31]. Evaluated adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in irradiated cells cultured on a tridimensional material Tuby et al [17] Used previously irradiated bone marrow stem cells for treating rat myocardial lesions, but does not evaluate cell proliferation Holder et al [18] Assessed the proliferation of dental pulp, without characterizing the cells as stem cells Leonida et al [19] Analyzed the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in irradiated cells cultured on a scaffold of collagen Lipovsky et al [20] Assessed the cell proliferation of stem cells irradiated by broadband (400-800 nm) visible light illumination The action of LLLT on cell proliferation has been studied in many cell types such as fibroblasts [32,33], endothelial cells [34], neoplastic cells [35,36], and osteoblasts [37], but little is still known about the action of LLLT on the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. The present review shows the scarcity of studies in the literature, since only 19 articles about this topic were found.…”

The Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on the Differentiation, Proliferation, and Migration of the Mesenchymal Stem Cell: A Review

“…42 Lowpower lasers (15 Hz, 150 mJ, 2.25 W) can proliferate and differentiate the bone marrow MSCs into the osteoblasts cells in 3-dimensional collagen scaffolds that can be used in the treatment of periodontal diseases. 43 A study showed that low-energy 660 nm red GaAlAs laser irradiation at different energy levels affected the physiological and molecular characteristics of the mouse bone marrow stromal cells and enhanced the expression of BMP2 and IGFI, increasing proliferation and differentiation to the osteoblast cell. It was revealed that LLLT dosedependently increased osteoblast differentiation and mineral deposition.…”

Effect of Low-Level Laser on Bone Defects Treated with Bovine or Autogenous Bone Grafts:In VivoStudy in Rat Calvaria

“…Positive [11, 13, 15] and negative [16, 17] results have been reported in both in vivo and in vitro studies [11, 15] regarding the repair of soft or mineralized tissue [18, 19], but few studies have evaluated the role of LLL associated with bone substitutes [20, 21]. …”