Effects of Low Level Water-soluble Pentosans, Alkaline-extractable Pentosans, and Xylanase on the Growth and Development of Broiler Chicks

Sheng, Qingkai; Liu, Yang; Zhao, Hang; Wang, X. L.; Wang, K.

doi:10.5713/ajas.2012.12700

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Changes in pH may be due to modification of the intestinal microflora as a result of enzyme supplementation. Sheng et al (2013) found that the addition of xylanase reduced ileal pH in broiler chickens. They measured Lactobacillus concentrations in rectal digesta which was increased with the addition of xylanase suggesting the lower pH level was due to increased microflora proliferation and fermentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effects of phytase and xylanase supplementation on performance and egg quality in laying hens

Taylor

Bedford

Pace

et al. 2018

British Poultry Science

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1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of phytase and xylanase and their interaction on laying hen performance, egg quality, phosphorus (P) digestibility, phytate breakdown, volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and peptide YY concentration. 2. Two hundred and forty hens were allocated to cages at 22 weeks of age based on a 3 × 2 arrangement with phytase (0, 300 or 1500 FTU/kg) and xylanase (0 or 12 000 BXU/kg) as factors. 3. Phytase increased hen-day production (P < 0.05), daily egg mass (P < 0.05) and P digestibility with increasing levels of phytase (P < 0.001). Phytase fed at 1500 FTU/kg reduced IP6 and IP5 and increased myo-inositol concentration in gizzard digesta (P < 0.05). Phytase fed at 300 FTU/kg reduced IP6 in ileal digesta (P < 0.05); however, IP6 and IP5 were further reduced and myo-inositol increased when phytase was added at 1500 FTU/kg (P < 0.05). 4. Xylanase improved feed efficiency when phytase was fed at 300 FTU/kg (P < 0.05). In the absence of phytase, xylanase reduced dry matter and Ca digestibilities (P < 0.05). 5. Neither phytase nor xylanase had an effect on peptide YY or caecal VFA concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effects of phytase and xylanase supplementation on performance and egg quality in laying hens

Taylor

Bedford

Pace

et al. 2018

British Poultry Science

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“…It measures the indigestible cellulose, pentosans, lignin, and other components. However, fiber is well known to reduce risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and blood cholesterol [ 36 , 37 ]. TDF was analyzed in all the different PS fractions of the APF and CPF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Particle Size on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Apple and Carrot Pomaces

Salari,

Ferreira,

Lima

et al. 2024

Foods

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The food processing industry is growing rapidly and producing large amounts of by-products, such as pomaces, which are considered as no-value waste and cause significant environmental pollution. The main by-products of fruit juice processing companies are apple and carrot pomaces, which can be used to create new functional food products. In the present study, the effects of particle size (PS) on the proximate composition, nutritional properties, and antioxidant activity of apple pomace flour (APF) and carrot pomace flour (CPF) were determined. Four different PS fractions, PS > 1 mm, 1 > PS > 0.71 mm, 0.71 > PS > 0.18 mm, and 0.18 > PS > 0.075 mm were used for the present study. Their vitamin, carotenoid, organic acid, and reducing sugar contents were determined using HPLC. The proximate compositions of each PS fraction of the AP and CP flours were determined using recommended international standard methods. DPPH, FRAP, and Folin-Ciocalteu methods were used to measure their antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds, respectively. The moisture content (around 12.1 mg/100 g) was similar in all PS fractions and in both flours. The APF had lower protein (4.3–4.6 g/100 g dw) and ash (1.7–2.0 g/100 g dw) contents compared to the CPF, with protein contents ranging from 6.4–6.8 g/100 g dw and ash contents ranging from 5.8–6.1 g/100 g dw. Smaller particles, regardless of flour type, exhibited higher sugar and phenolic contents and antioxidant activity, while vitamins were more abundant in particles larger than 1 mm. In the APF, larger particles had a higher fiber content than smaller particles, while their fat content was the lowest. PS also had an impact on the results of the carotenoid contents. This study underscores the direct impact of PS on the distribution of sugars, crude fiber, fat, carotenoids, vitamins, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity in pomaces.

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The effects of xylanase on grower pig performance, concentrations of volatile fatty acids and peptide YY in portal and peripheral blood

Taylor

Bedford

Miller

2018

Animal

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Non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) present in wheat and barley can act as anti-nutrients leading to an increase in digesta viscosity and a reduction in nutrient digestibility. Xylanase, an NSP-degrading enzyme, has been shown to increase nutrient digestibility in pigs. The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify the optimum inclusion level of xylanase in grower pig diets by measuring the effect of increasing enzyme levels on growth performance, the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and peptide YY concentration in portal and peripheral blood of grower pigs and (2) to increase our understanding of the interrelationships between xylanase inclusion, VFA production and peptide YY secretion. A total of 512 grower pigs ((Large White×Landrace)×MAXGRO) were allocated to pens creating 32 replicates of four pigs per pen per treatment. Pigs were allocated to trial weighing 14.2±0.31 kg and remained on trial until ~41.5±3.31 kg. The experiment was a dose response design with four inclusion levels (0, 8000, 16 000 or 32 000 BXU/kg) of xylanase (Econase XT). Diets were cereal-based wheat, barley mix formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements of grower pigs. Body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate growth performance. Pen faecal samples were collected to estimate DM, organic matter (OM) and crude fibre (CF) apparent total-tract digestibility. At the end of the trial 16 pigs per treatment were euthanised by schedule 1 procedures. Peripheral and portal blood samples were collected for peptide YY and VFA analysis. The addition of xylanase to the diet had no effect on growth performance, DM, OM or CF total-tract digestibility; however, xylanase tended to have a quadratic effect on ileum pH with higher pH values recorded for pigs fed a diet supplemented with 8000 and 16 000 BXU/kg xylanase (P<0.1). Xylanase had no effect on peptide YY levels or VFA concentration. Total VFA concentration was higher in portal compared with peripheral blood (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of xylanase had no effect on grower pig performance, nutrient digestibility, VFA concentration or peptide YY concentration when fed up to 32 000 BXU/kg over a 35-day period. Pig performance was good for all treatments throughout the trial suggesting that diet quality was sufficient thus there were no beneficial effects of adding xylanase.

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Effects of Low Level Water-soluble Pentosans, Alkaline-extractable Pentosans, and Xylanase on the Growth and Development of Broiler Chicks

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

The effects of phytase and xylanase supplementation on performance and egg quality in laying hens

The effects of phytase and xylanase supplementation on performance and egg quality in laying hens

Effects of Particle Size on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Apple and Carrot Pomaces

The effects of xylanase on grower pig performance, concentrations of volatile fatty acids and peptide YY in portal and peripheral blood

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