Effects of low-temperature nitridation on the electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance of 446M stainless steel as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Lee, Seok-Hyun; Kim, Jong-Hee; Lee, Yun-Yong; Wee, Dang-Moon

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.10.107

Cited by 36 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, high-temperature thermal nitridation (about 900 _C) produces non-continuous and discrete external Cr-nitrides, thereby creating Crdepleted regions and decreasing corrosion resistance [150,151]. On the other hand, nitridation in high temperature leads to creating the precipitates such as CrN, Cr 2 N and TiN, as well as Cr-depleted regions that is more conductive than passive film (chromium oxide) [152,154]. It means that the nitridation in very high temperature would decrease ICR.…”

Section: Un-plated Stainless Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite and Different Metallic Bi-Polar Platesin Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells: Materials, Fabrication, Platings and Material Selection for Fuel Cells – A Review

Vadivelan.M¹,

S²,

Kumar³

et al. 2016

IOSR

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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells offer exceptional potential for a clean, efficient, and reliable power source. The bipolar plate (BP) is a key component in this device, as it connects each cell electrically, supplies reactant gases to both anode and cathode, and removes reaction products from the cell. BPs has primarily been fabricated from high-density graphite, but in recent years, much attention has been paid to develop the cost-effective and feasible alternative materials. Recently, two different classes of materials have been attracted attention: metals and composite materials. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the current researches being carried out on the metallic and composite BPs, covering materials and fabrication methods. In this research, the phenomenon of ionic contamination due to the release of the corrosion products of metallic BP and relative impact on the durability as well as performance of PEM fuel cells is extensively investigated. Furthermore, in this paper, upon several effective parameters on commercialization of PEM fuel cells, such as stack cost, weight, volume, durability, strength, ohmic resistance, and ionic contamination, a material selection is performed among the most common BPs currently being used. This material selection is conducted by using Simple Additive Weighting Method (SAWM). Highlights: Materials, properties, Platings, Plating methods, stamping process and ionic contaminations of metallic bipolar plates. Material selection upon eleven bipolar plate materials using the Simple Additive Weighing Method (SAWM) approach.

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Section: Un-plated Stainless Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite and Different Metallic Bi-Polar Platesin Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells: Materials, Fabrication, Platings and Material Selection for Fuel Cells – A Review

Vadivelan.M¹,

S²,

Kumar³

et al. 2016

IOSR

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“…Another substrate, 446 SS, also has been tested with positive outcomes in terms of corrosion and contact resistance. Lee et al [106] employed a low-temperature thermal nitridation technique to deposit a 130 nm-thick layer of Cr-nitride/oxide on the surface of this steel and found improvements in electrical conductivity (over the base metal) with no increase in interfacial contact resistance.…”

Section: Advances In Materials Science and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Metallic Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Materials and Fabrication Methods

Karimi

Fraser

Roberts

et al. 2012

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

234

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The proton exchange membrane fuel cell offers an exceptional potential for a clean, efficient, and reliable power source. The bipolar plate is a key component in this device, as it connects each cell electrically, supplies reactant gases to both anode and cathode, and removes reaction products from the cell. Bipolar plates have been fabricated primarily from high-density graphite, but in recent years, much attention has been paid to developing cost-effective and feasible alternative materials. Two different classes of materials have attracted attention: metals and composites. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the current research being carried out on metallic bipolar plates, covering materials and fabrication methods.

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“…Of course, passivation is an advantage from the point of view of corrosion resistance in a strict sense, but in the case of BiP applications the additional necessary requirement is a high electronic conductivity of the surface. [19] This point calls for further material developmentpossibly including the use of coatings applied to ferrous alloys, accompanied by suitable fundamental information on the space-dependent chemical evolution and structural development in systems as close as possible to the real physico-chemical conditions of operating FCs.…”

Section: Electrocorrosion Of the Fe Electrode In Contact With Hydratementioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic Plate Corrosion and Uptake of Corrosion Products by Nafion in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2010

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Nafion contamination by ferrous-alloy corrosion products, resulting in dramatic drops of the Ohmic potential, is a suspected major failure mode of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells that make use of metallic bipolar plates. This study demonstrates the potential of scanning transmission X-ray microscopy combined with X-ray absorption and fluorescence microspectroscopy for exploring corrosion processes of Ni and Fe electrodes in contact with a hydrated Nafion film in a thin-layer cell. The imaged morphology changes of the Ni and Fe electrodes and surrounding Nafion film that result from relevant electrochemical processes are correlated to the spatial distribution, local concentration, and chemical state of Fe and Ni species. The X-ray fluorescence maps and absorption spectra, sampled at different locations, show diffusion of corrosion products within the Nafion film only in the case of the Fe electrodes, whereas the Ni electrodes appear corrosion resistant.

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Effects of low-temperature nitridation on the electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance of 446M stainless steel as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Composite and Different Metallic Bi-Polar Platesin Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells: Materials, Fabrication, Platings and Material Selection for Fuel Cells – A Review

Composite and Different Metallic Bi-Polar Platesin Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells: Materials, Fabrication, Platings and Material Selection for Fuel Cells – A Review

A Review of Metallic Bipolar Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Materials and Fabrication Methods

Metallic Plate Corrosion and Uptake of Corrosion Products by Nafion in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

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