Effects of LPS on the Secretion of Gonadotrophin Hormones and Expression of Genes in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary (HPG) Axis in Laying Yangzhou Geese

Ying, Shijia; Qin, Jining; Dai, Zhuqing; An, Hao; Zhu, Hongbo; Chen, Rong; Yang, Xiaojin; Wu, Weijie; Shi, Zhen‐Dan

doi:10.3390/ani10122259

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A previous report showed that LPS injection induced a significant increase in LH at about 2.5 days after LPS treatment ( 52 ). Another study indicated a time-dependent increase in LH and FSH after LPS engagement ( 53 ). Considering the important regulations of the HPG axis on testicular functions, we studied the mPOA of the hypothalamus, where most GnRH neurons are located, and is key to the HPG-axis regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Caused mPOA-FSH/LH Disturbance and Impaired Testicular Function

Shen

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Male reproductive function is key to the continuation of species and is under sophisticated regulation, challenged by various stressors including inflammation. In the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intraperitoneal injection-induced acute systemic inflammation, male fecundity was compromised with decreased testosterone level, damaged spermatogenesis, and downregulations of testicular gene expression levels involved in steroidogenesis regulation and blood–testis barrier. It is also noteworthy that the testis is more sensitive to acute stress caused by LPS-induced systemic inflammation. LPS treatment resulted in lower testicular gene expression levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, and cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily B member 1 after LPS treatment, while no such decrease was found in the adrenal gland. In parallel to the significant decreases in testicular intercellular adhesion molecule 1, tight junction protein 1, and gap junction alpha-1 protein gene expression with LPS treatment, no decrease was found in the epididymis. In the brain, LPS treatment caused higher medial preoptic area (mPOA) activation in the hypothalamus, which is accompanied by elevated blood follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, suggesting a disturbed hypothalamic–pituitary–gonad axis function. Besides mPOA, brain c-fos mapping and quantitative analysis demonstrated a broad activation of brain nuclei by LPS, including the anterior cingulate cortex, lateral septum, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, basolateral amygdala, ventral tegmental area, lateral habenular nucleus, locus coeruleus, Barrington’s nucleus, and the nucleus of the solitary tract, accompanied by abnormal animal behavior. Our data showed that LPS-induced inflammation caused not only local testicular damage but also a systemic disturbance at the brain–testis axis level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Caused mPOA-FSH/LH Disturbance and Impaired Testicular Function

Shen

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Such changes would reduce the incidence of the inflammatory response in the goose fatty liver by improving the intestinal structure and immune barrier and inhibiting the production and permeation of harmful substances. Indeed, it has been reported that overfeeding does not increase LPS levels in the blood of geese (Ying et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changes in Microbiotic Composition of Different Intestinal Tracts and the Effects of Supplemented Lactobacillus During the Formation of Goose Fatty Liver

et al. 2022

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Intestinal bacteria play an important role in the formation of fatty liver in animals by participating in the digestion and degradation of nutrients, producing various metabolites, and altering the barrier effect of the intestine. However, changes in the gut microbiota during the formation of goose fatty liver are unclear. In this study, 80 healthy Landes geese with similar body weights at 70 days of age were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n = 48; fed ad libitum) and the overfeeding group (n = 32; overfed). The intestinal contents were collected at 0, 12, and 24 days of overfeeding. The 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing analyses showed that the dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, Phyllobacterium, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Romboutsia were the dominant genera in the goose intestine, and most of them were probiotics. In the control group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the jejunum and ileum gradually decreased with time, while that of Proteobacteria increased, whereas in the overfeeding group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the jejunum and ileum decreased and then increased with time, while that of Proteobacteria showed an opposite trend. In addition, supplementing Lactobacillus to the diet reduced body weight and fatty liver weight in overfed geese, but increased the weight of abdominal fat, suggesting that Lactobacillus supplementation might affect the transport of nascent fat from the liver to abdominal fat. In conclusion, the species of intestinal-dominant bacteria in the geese are relatively stable, but their relative abundance and function are affected by a number of factors. Overfeeding promotes the metabolism of nutrients in the jejunum and ileum and increases bacterial adaptability to environmental changes by enhancing their ability to process environmental and genetic information more efficiently. These findings suggest that the effect of overfeeding on the composition of intestinal microbiota may indirectly influence the formation of goose fatty liver through the gut/liver axis.

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“…Despite these variations in methodologies, the LPS treatments had similar inhibitory effects across several animal models at every level of the HPG axis ( 6 , 7 ). In contrast, chronic LPS exposure in Yangzhou geese resulted in an increase in serum LH and FSH, revealing the potential for chronic stimulation of the immune system to have an unrecognized mechanism of deregulating gonadotropin secretion ( 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic inflammation increases female serum gonadotropins and shifts the pituitary transcriptomic landscape

Garcia,

Velez,

Ujagar

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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IntroductionFemale reproductive function depends on a choreographed sequence of hormonal secretion and action, where specific stresses such as inflammation exert profound disruptions. Specifically, acute LPS-induced inflammation inhibits gonadotropin production and secretion from the pituitary, thereby impacting the downstream production of sex hormones. These outcomes have only been observed in acute inflammatory stress and little is known about the mechanisms by which chronic inflammation affects reproduction. In this study we seek to understand the chronic effects of LPS on pituitary function and consequent luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone secretion.MethodsA chronic inflammatory state was induced in female mice by twice weekly injections with LPS over 6 weeks. Serum gonadotropins were measured and bulk RNAseq was performed on the pituitaries from these mice, along with basic measurements of reproductive biology.ResultsSurprisingly, serum luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone was not inhibited and instead we found it was increased with repeated LPS treatments.DiscussionAnalysis of bulk RNA-sequencing of murine pituitary revealed paracrine activation of TGFβ pathways as a potential mechanism regulating FSH secretion in response to chronic LPS. These results provide a framework with which to begin dissecting the impacts of chronic inflammation on reproductive physiology.

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Effects of LPS on the Secretion of Gonadotrophin Hormones and Expression of Genes in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Ovary (HPG) Axis in Laying Yangzhou Geese

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Caused mPOA-FSH/LH Disturbance and Impaired Testicular Function

LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Caused mPOA-FSH/LH Disturbance and Impaired Testicular Function

The Changes in Microbiotic Composition of Different Intestinal Tracts and the Effects of Supplemented Lactobacillus During the Formation of Goose Fatty Liver

Lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic inflammation increases female serum gonadotropins and shifts the pituitary transcriptomic landscape

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