Effects of Lutein on Hyperosmoticity-Induced Upregulation of IL-6 in Cultured Corneal Epithelial Cells and Its Relevant Signal Pathways

Chao, Shih Chun; Nien, Chan Wei; Iacob, Codrin; Huang, Dan; Huang, Sheng‐Chieh; Lin, Hung Yu

doi:10.1155/2016/8341439

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Lutein can reduce inflammatory levels of NF-κB, IL-1β, and Cox-2 in cultured Müller cells after hypoxic injury [24]. Chao et al also showed that lutein could effectively reduce the expression of hyperosmotic-induced secretion of IL-6 in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) through the deactivation of p38, JNK, and NF-κB pathways [25]. Therefore, lutein inhibits inflammatory effects in eye-related cells (Müller and HCECs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Lutein-Containing Eye Drops for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

et al. 2021

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Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common ophthalmological disease that decreases tear secretion and causes dryness, photophobia, pain, severe corneal rupture, and even blindness. Ocular and lacrimal gland inflammation is one of the pathological mechanisms underlying DES. Therefore, effective suppression of inflammation is a crucial strategy for the treatment of DES. Lutein, commonly found in healthy foods, has anti-inflammatory effects in corneal or retina-related cells and may be a potential therapy for DES. The addition of lutein to artificial tears (AT) as an eye-drop formulation for DES treatment in a mouse model was studied in the present work. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as a thickener to increase the viscosity of eye drops to prolong drug retention on the ocular surface. A WST-8 assay in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-2) showed that a concentration of <5 μM lutein (L5) and <1% PVA (P1) maintained the cell viability at 80%. A real-time PCR showed that the inflamed human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) cocultured with L5P1 had downregulated expression of inflammatory genes such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In a benzalkonium chloride- (BAC) induced DES mouse model, AT/L5P1 could repair damaged corneas, elevate tear secretion, increase the number of goblet cells, and inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in the cornea. In conclusion, we demonstrate that lutein/PVA as eye drops could prolong the drug ocular retention time and effectively to decrease inflammation in DES mice. Therefore, lutein, obtained from eye drops, has a potential therapeutic role for DES.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Lutein-Containing Eye Drops for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

et al. 2021

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“…It has been reported that hyperosmoticity of tears induces inflammation and ocular surface damage, playing a main role in dry eye development. In this line, LUT has been shown to be a potential agent for the treatment of dry eye since it suppressed the hyperosmoticityinduced increase in IL-6 through inhibition of NF-κB pathway activation in human corneal epithelial cells [156].…”

Section: Lutein 421 In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Microalgal Carotenoids

et al. 2021

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Acute inflammation is a key component of the immune system’s response to pathogens, toxic agents, or tissue injury, involving the stimulation of defense mechanisms aimed to removing pathogenic factors and restoring tissue homeostasis. However, uncontrolled acute inflammatory response may lead to chronic inflammation, which is involved in the development of many diseases, including cancer. Nowadays, the need to find new potential therapeutic compounds has raised the worldwide scientific interest to study the marine environment. Specifically, microalgae are considered rich sources of bioactive molecules, such as carotenoids, which are natural isoprenoid pigments with important beneficial effects for health due to their biological activities. Carotenoids are essential nutrients for mammals, but they are unable to synthesize them; instead, a dietary intake of these compounds is required. Carotenoids are classified as carotenes (hydrocarbon carotenoids), such as α- and β-carotene, and xanthophylls (oxygenate derivatives) including zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, lutein, α- and β-cryptoxanthin, and canthaxanthin. This review summarizes the present up-to-date knowledge of the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of microalgal carotenoids both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the latest status of human studies for their potential use in prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer.

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“…Hence, there has been an interest in evaluating the role of oral nutritional supplements that are considered safe particularly when used over an extended period. Many nutraceutical ingredients have been investigated, such as omega-3 fatty acids [ 13 , 14 ], carotenoids [ 15 , 16 ], anthocyanins [ 17 – 19 ] and antioxidants [ 20 ], to manage the symptoms of DES. Although omega-3 fatty acid products have been widely used in the treatment of dry eyes, a recent large-scale multi-center trial of 3000 mg omega-3 fatty acids for 12 months did not show any benefit in patient symptoms or signs compared with the placebo [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Multi-Ingredient Supplement Reduces Inflammation of the Eye and Improves Production and Quality of Tears in Humans

Radkar¹,

Lakshmanan²,

Mary³

et al. 2021

Ophthalmol Ther

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Introduction: Dry eye is a multifactorial condition of the eye caused by insufficient tear production and imbalance in tear composition leading to faster evaporation of tear fluid. It is also associated with inflammation that often leads to ocular surface damage. Symptoms of dry eyes include itchiness, soreness, red eyes, a burning sensation, eye fatigue and blurred vision. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of our multi-ingredient supplement in subjects with dry eye syndrome (DES). Methods: We recruited 60 subjects with mild to moderate DES who were randomized in a 1:1 ratio in a single-center study to receive LCD (lutein 20 mg, zeaxanthin 4 mg, curcumin 200 mg curcuminoids, vitamin D3 600 IU) or placebo (soybean oil) capsules for 8 weeks. The primary outcomes evaluated were changes in tear volume by Schirmer's test and ocular symptoms by the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI); secondary outcomes included evaluation of changes in Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival staining, tear osmolarity, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), artificial tear use and safety assessments. The outcomes were compared between the LCD and placebo groups at baseline and day 56 of supplementation. Results: Fifty-nine subjects, 30 from LCD and 29 from placebo group, completed the study. The LCD group showed significant improvements (P \ 0.0001) for Schirmer's test, OSDI, TBUT, SPEED, ocular staining scores, tear osmolarity (P = 0.0005), MMP-9 (P = 0.0017) and reduced artificial tear use (P = 0.0004) and its frequency of use (P \ 0.0001) in subjects compared to placebo from baseline to day 56. No safety issues were observed in the study. Conclusion:The LCD supplement showed significant improvements in the production, stability and quality of tears by reducing ocular surface damage and tear inflammation and can be used as an adjuvant to artificial tears in subjects with DES.

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Effects of Lutein on Hyperosmoticity-Induced Upregulation of IL-6 in Cultured Corneal Epithelial Cells and Its Relevant Signal Pathways

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Development of Lutein-Containing Eye Drops for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

Development of Lutein-Containing Eye Drops for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Microalgal Carotenoids

A Novel Multi-Ingredient Supplement Reduces Inflammation of the Eye and Improves Production and Quality of Tears in Humans

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