Effects of lutein supplementation in age-related macular degeneration

Feng, Liwen; Nie, Kailai; Jiang, Hui; Fan, Wei

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227048

Cited by 50 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Carotenoids also belong to antioxidants, and their high consumption, especially of lutein and zeaxanthin, has been reported to be beneficial to retinal tissue, as high concentrations of these pigments are present in the macular region of the human eye [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Thus, the presence of individual carotenoids in fiddlehead extracts was determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and Antioxidant Potential of Fiddleheads from European Ferns

Dvořáková

Pumprova

Antonínová

et al. 2021

Foods

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Ferns are part of the diet and traditional medicine in East Asia, North America, and Oceania, however, their importance has been forgotten in Europe. Here, the nutritional and antioxidant potential of young fern fronds (fiddleheads) of eight families were studied. Most of the tested fern species excelled in high antioxidant capacity when compared to the reference leafy vegetables spinach and rocket. On average, the total phenol content reached 220 mg·g−1 of extract dry weight for all fiddleheads, and 15 out of 24 tested species exceeded 1 g Trolox equivalent per gram of extract dry weight in Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay. On the other hand, fiddleheads contained a comparable amount of carotenoids and ascorbic acid with the reference vegetables. In the case of fatty acid composition, fiddleheads contained especially high amounts of essential omega-3 (n3) and omega-6 (n6) polyunsaturated fatty acids with a beneficial n6/n3 ratio. The n6/n3 ratio in all tested species was between 2 and 6.4, whereas the ratio in the reference vegetables was below 0.4. All in all, fiddleheads from European ferns are a rich source of valuable antioxidants and essential fatty acids with a desirable n-6/n-3 ratio and may thus form an alternative source of these compounds, especially for those people not consuming fish and fish products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional and Antioxidant Potential of Fiddleheads from European Ferns

Dvořáková

Pumprova

Antonínová

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…It is also a predominant carotenoid in the macular pigment, along with zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin. Lutein supplementation (10 or 20 mg/day) for more than 6 months can significantly improve macular pigment optical density and visual acuity in patients with agerelated macular degeneration [6].…”

Section: Carotenoids: Importance In Daily Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids: Importance in Daily Life—Insight Gained from EPR and ENDOR

2021

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Carotenoids are indispensable molecules for life. They are present everywhere in plants, algae, bacteria whom they protect against free radicals and oxidative stress. Through the consumption of fruits and vegetables and some carotenoid-containing fish, they are introduced into the human body and, similarly, protect it. There are numerous health benefits associated with the consumption of carotenoids. Carotenoids are antioxidants but at the same time they are prone to oxidation themselves. Electron loss from the carotenoid forms a radical cation. Furthermore, proton loss from a radical cation forms a neutral radical. In this mini-review, we discuss carotenoid radicals studied in our groups by various physicochemical methods, namely the radical cations formed by electron transfer and neutral radicals formed by proton loss from the radical cations. They contain many similar hyperfine couplings due to interactions between the electron spin and numerous protons in the carotenoid. Different EPR and ENDOR methods in combination with DFT calculations have been used to distinguish the two independent carotenoid radical species. DFT predicted larger coupling constants for the neutral radical compared to the radical cation. Previously, INDO calculations miss assigned the large couplings to the radical cation. EPR and ENDOR have aided in elucidating the physisorb, electron and proton transfer processes that occur when carotenoids are adsorbed on solid artificial matrices, and predicted similar reactions in aqueous solution or in plants. After years of study of the physicochemical properties of carotenoid radicals, the different published results start to merge together for a better understanding of carotenoid radical species and their implication in biological systems. Up until 2008, the radical chemistry in artificial systems was elucidated but the correlation between quenching ability and neutral radical formation was an inspiration to look for these radical species in vivo. In addition, the EPR spin-trapping technique has been applied to study inclusion complexes of carotenoids with different delivery systems.

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“…A long list of bioactivities of the algal carotenoids that are related to human health was established [ 67 ]. In addition to the well-described vitamin A activity and reduction of age-related macular degradation (AMD) by lutein [ 68 ], these compounds can have an impact on human health, comprising anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective activities.…”

Section: Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals From Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals from Microalgae: Main Product Classes and Biotechnological Production

Kratzer

Murkovic

2021

Foods

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Microalgal products are an emerging class of food, feed, and nutraceuticals. They include dewatered or dried biomass, isolated pigments, and extracted fat. The oil, protein, and antioxidant-rich microalgal biomass is used as a feed and food supplement formulated as pastes, powders, tablets, capsules, or flakes designed for daily use. Pigments such as astaxanthin (red), lutein (yellow), chlorophyll (green), or phycocyanin (bright blue) are natural food dyes used as isolated pigments or pigment-rich biomass. Algal fat extracted from certain marine microalgae represents a vegetarian source of n-3-fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), γ-linolenic acid (GLA)). Gaining an overview of the production of microalgal products is a time-consuming task. Here, requirements and options of microalgae cultivation are summarized in a concise manner, including light and nutrient requirements, growth conditions, and cultivation systems. The rentability of microalgal products remains the major obstacle in industrial application. Key challenges are the high costs of commercial-scale cultivation, harvesting (and dewatering), and product quality assurance (toxin analysis). High-value food ingredients are commonly regarded as profitable despite significant capital expenditures and energy inputs. Improvements in capital and operational costs shall enable economic production of low-value food products going down to fishmeal replacement in the future economy.

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Effects of lutein supplementation in age-related macular degeneration

Cited by 50 publications

References 61 publications

Nutritional and Antioxidant Potential of Fiddleheads from European Ferns

Nutritional and Antioxidant Potential of Fiddleheads from European Ferns

Carotenoids: Importance in Daily Life—Insight Gained from EPR and ENDOR

Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals from Microalgae: Main Product Classes and Biotechnological Production

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