Effects of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Incorporation on Shear Bond Strength and Antibacterial Activity of an Orthodontic Composite: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticle (NP) incorporation on shear bond strength (SBS) and antibacterial property of orthodontic composites. A total of 100 mounted premolar teeth were randomly divided into five groups. In group 1 (control), the brackets were bonded to the teeth using the GC Ortho Connect orthodontic composite, while the brackets of groups 2 to 5 were bonded by the GC Ortho Connect orthodontic composite that contained 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4% weight percentages (w/w) of MgO NPs, respectively and then the SBS was measured. In the following, we evaluated the antibacterial properties of the MgO NP-containing composite on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) bacteria by the direct contact test method. According to results, there were no significant changes in the SBS as the MgO NP concentration was increased up to 1%, while the SBSs of the 2% and 4% MgO NPs were decreased when compared to the other three groups. The outcomes of the direct contact test indicated the case of 1% as being the minimum ratio of MgO NPs, which almost caused the entire annihilation of the S. mutans bacteria. In conclusion, the orthodontic composite containing 1% MgO NPs can display a significant antibacterial effect against S. mutans bacteria without inducing any negative effect on the SBS.

Iron and Magnesium Co-substituted Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Composite: A Preliminary Assessment

“…This work is the first to co-substitute both Fe and Mg with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAPn) and incorporate it in an orthodontic composite to evaluate its antibacterial characteristics. Rangrazi et al [ 16 ] previously utilized MgNps in orthodontic composite to evaluate their antimicrobial effectiveness against S. mutans . The study determined that a 1% concentration of MgNps is the minimum concentration required for maximum antibacterial efficiency against S. mutans .…”

A Novel Coating of Orthodontic Archwires with Chlorhexidine Hexametaphosphate Nanoparticles

“…Te application of nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents is gaining a great importance in dentistry as it may provide an appreciated strategy for treating and preventing dental infections [36]. Tere are two main approaches to incorporating the nanoparticles with antimicrobial efects in orthodontics, either by combining them directly with the materials such as composites, glass ionomers, or topically applied agents [37,38] or utilize them as coatings on the surfaces [39]. Orthodontic stainless steel and NiTi archwires are used fundamentally during the course of orthodontic treatment with fxed appliances and are considered a common site for the development of microbial plaque [40,41].…”

Antibacterial Agents for Composite Resin Restorative Materials: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

“…Their mode of action relies on the release of magnesium ions causing the disruption of the bacterial cell membrane and a reduction in bacterial growth [ 44 ]. Therefore, it has been incorporated as an antibacterial filler into resin composites, dental cement, and glass-ionomer cement, to prevent secondary caries formation [ 45 , 46 ]. At low concentrations (2-7.5% by weight), this addition was found to greatly enhance anti-biofilm properties without compromising their mechanical, physicochemical, or biocompatibility properties [ 47 , 48 ].…”