“…Socially-defeated animals interact less with unfamiliar animals (Frischknecht et al, 1982; Kudryavtseva et al, 1991; Kudryavtseva, 1994; Meerlo, Overkamp, Daan, et al, 1996; Huhman et al, 2003), engage in few reproductive activities (Kahn, 1961; D'Amato, 1988; Blanchard&Blanchard, 1989;Yoshimura&Kimura, 1991; Foxet al, 1997) and readily display defensive and submissive postures and vocal signals (Van de Poll et al, 1982; Siegfried et al, 1984; Puglisi-Allegra & Cabib, 1988; van der Poel & Miczek, 1991; Potegal et al, 1993). In general, defeated animals are less active, and explore, forage, eat and drink less (Raab et al, 1986; Meerlo, Overkamp, Benning, et al, 1996; Meerlo, Overkamp, Daan et al, 1996; Flügge et al, 1998).…”