Effects of mammalian sex hormones on regeneration capacity, retrotransposon polymorphism and genomic instability in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Mammalian steroid hormones (MSH) are also inherently synthesized by several plant species. However, external application of steroid hormones further stimulates cell division, pollen germination, plant growth and development. There is little known about the effects of MSH on polymorphism and DNA damage in Triticum aestivum L under in vitro conditions. In this study, inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon and coupled restriction enzyme digestion-iPBS (CRED-iPBS) markers were used for detection of the variation in responded embryogenic callus (REC) that were obtained from endosperm-supported mature embryo of wheat in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations [0 (control), 10 -4 , 10 -6 and 10 -8 m mol L −1 ] of MSH (progesterone, 17β-estradiol, estrone and testosterone). Responded embryogenic callus (REC) and regenerable callus (RE) induction from mature embryos varied with MSH type and concentrations. The highest level of genomic template stability (GTS) value (80.52%) was obtained from 10 -8 mM progesterone treatments and the lowest value (68.83%) from 10 -4 mM 17 β-estradiol treatments. Epigenetic changes were more frequent and variable than the genetic changes. While DNA hypermethylation was observed at higher 17 β-estradiol concentrations, DNA hypomethylation was observed in progesterone treatments. It was concluded based on iPBS and CRED-iPBS ndings that high MSH concentrations caused DNA changes and methylation.

Investigation of the Influence of Polyamines on Mature Embryo Culture and DNA Methylation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using the Machine Learning Algorithm Method

“…The study by Temel et al [ 50 ] propounds that DNA methylation is optimally elucidated within tissue culture research through the prism of the CRED methodology. The amalgamation of iPBS and CRED methodologies [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] constitutes a boon for tissue culture investigations, empowering the delineation of both genetic and epigenetic transformations. In the current research, the synergy of iPBS and CRED was harnessed to unravel the polyamine-induced perturbations in the genetic and epigenetic landscapes of wheat.…”

“…Amplification was performed using the primers shown in Table 5 . PCR procedures were identical to those used in iPBS analysis [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Electrophoresis in 1X SB buffer at 100 V for 120 min with a 100–1000 bp DNA ladder (Sigma Aldrich No: P1473-1VL) was used to determine the approximate molecular weight of iPBSs and CRED–iPBS PCR products separated on a 1.50% agarose gel containing 0.05 mL mL –1 ethidium bromide.…”

“…In the realm of plant biology, the spectrum of epigenetic variations encompasses diverse phenomena, such as point mutations, deletions, transposable element activations, rearrangements, and changes in ploidy [ 9 , 10 ], as well as alterations to the DNA structure itself [ 11 ]. Various molecular markers, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), microsatellites (SSRs), simple sequence repeat polymorphisms (ISSRs), fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers [ 12 ], alongside the inter-primer binding site (iPBS) retrotransposon [ 13 , 14 ], are currently harnessed for detecting polymorphic states and DNA methylation patterns [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Within the context of epigenetic modulation, DNA methylation emerges as a pivotal process, universally governing gene expression and the repression of transposable elements.…”

Machine Learning Analysis of the Impact of Silver Nitrate and Silver Nanoparticles on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Callus Induction, Plant Regeneration, and DNA Methylation

“…Afterward, the seeds were rinsed three times with sterile water and then incubated at 4 ºC for 24 h in sterile distilled water. Imbibed seeds were prepared according to the method described by Türkoğlu [ 99 ].…”

Understanding the effects of mammalian sex hormones in the in vitro regeneration of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using machine learning techniques

“…For this reason, it is important to conduct studies on the use of MSHs on plants and to reveal the effects of these hormones on plant growth in vitro. Previously, MSHs and their concentrations have been developed for in vitro grown of some plants, such as wheat (Turkoglu 2022) and bean (Haliloğlu et al 2023).…”