Effects of maternal administration of vitamins C and E on ethanol neurobehavioral teratogenicity in the guinea pig

The use of cortical spreading depression for studying the brain actions of antioxidants

“…To test this proposition, we analyzed CSD in adult rats (60-70 days of life) treated per gavage for 18 days with pure astaxanthin (from Sigma Co., St Louis, MO, USA) in doses of 2.5, 10, or 90 μg/kg/ day, diluted in 95% ethanol (corresponding to a dose of 3 g/kg/day of ethanol), which is within the range of ethanol dose usually employed in rodents. 46,47 Three control groups were treated, respectively, with the vehicle (ethanol group), or with distilled water, or with soybean oil (used as alternative vehicle to dissolve astaxanthin, which is not hydrosoluble). In an additional group, the influence of astaxanthin without ethanol was evaluated by treating the animals with 10 μg/kg/day astaxanthin dissolved in soybean oil instead of ethanol.…”

Advances in the development of novel antioxidant therapies as an approach for fetal alcohol syndrome prevention

“…The co‐treatment with vitamin C and E in pregnant Guinean pigs mitigated the ethanol‐induced deficit in the task‐retention component of the water‐maze activity. However, other study, using the same vitamin regimen did not mitigate the ethanol‐induced impairment in hippocampal long‐term potentiation (Nash et al, ). Overall, the results of these studies indicate that maternal administration of high‐dose vitamins C plus E throughout gestation has limited efficacy and potential adverse effects (such low birth weight) as a therapeutic intervention (Poston et al, ).…”

“…Embryos co‐treated with ethanol and black ginseng showed similar head length compared with the control group (including fore‐, mid‐, and hindbrain) (Lee et al, ). Using a Guinean pig model treated with a combination of high doses of vitamin C and E, protects against the loss of hippocampal weight (Nash et al, ). In accordance with these results, Marino et al observed an aminoration of hippocampal neuronal loss (Marino et al, ).…”

Effect of afobazole on teratogenic activity of cyclophosphamide in rats

“…However, little is known about pharmacological modification of teratogenesis. There are only individual studies on this problem [11].…”

“…However, little is known about pharmacological modification of teratogenesis. There are only individual studies on this problem [11].A possible mechanism of teratogenesis is oxidative stress and associated cytotoxic, mutational, and genotoxic effects [1,10,12]. Hence, a variety of drugs with antimutagenic and antioxidant properties are screened for their ability to modulate teratogenesis.…”