Effects of mechanical strain on periodontal ligament fibroblasts in presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lysate

Schröder, Agnes; Stumpf, Julia; Paddenberg, Eva; Neubert, Patrick; Schatz, Valentin; Köstler, Josef; Deschner, James; Proff, Peter; Kirschneck, Christian

doi:10.1186/s12903-021-01761-3

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We believe that the enhancement of anaerobic oxidation and the fragmentation of mitochondria are consistent with the adaptive protective response of PSCs under external stimulation to achieve stem cell maintenance. As for the alteration of ROS production under mechanical force, we found that the results of other researchers are inconsistent, which may be attributed to the divergent parameters of the force-loading [ 36 , 37 ]. Our findings may be affected by limitations such as the monotonous experimental condition of a single type of mechanical force.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Mechanical force induces mitophagy-mediated anaerobic oxidation in periodontal ligament stem cells

Zhang

Cui

et al. 2023

Cell Mol Biol Lett

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Background The preference for glucose oxidative mode has crucial impacts on various physiological activities, including determining stem cell fate. External mechanical factors can play a decisive role in regulating critical metabolic enzymes and pathways of stem cells. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are momentous effector cells that transform mechanical force into biological signals during the reconstruction of alveolar bone. However, mechanical stimuli-induced alteration of oxidative characteristics in PDLSCs and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Methods Herein, we examined the expression of LDH and COX4 by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. We detected metabolites of lactic acid and reactive oxygen species for functional tests. We used tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) staining and a transmission electron microscope to clarify the mitochondrial status. After using western blot and immunofluorescence to clarify the change of DRP1, we further examined MFF, PINK1, and PARKIN by western blot. We used cyclosporin A (CsA) to confirm the regulation of mitophagy and ceased the stretching as a rescue experiment. Results Herein, we ascertained that mechanical force could increase the level of LDH and decrease the expression of COX4 in PDLSCs. Simultaneously, the yield of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PDLSC reduced after stretching, while lactate acid augmented significantly. Furthermore, mitochondrial function in PDLSCs was negatively affected by impaired mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) under mechanical force, and the augment of mitochondrial fission further induced PRKN-dependent mitophagy, which was confirmed by the rescue experiments via blocking mitophagy. As a reversible physiological stimulation, the anaerobic preference of PDLSCs altered by mechanical force could restore after the cessation of force stimulation. Conclusions Altogether, our study demonstrates that PDLSCs under mechanical force preferred anaerobic oxidation induced by the affected mitochondrial dynamics, especially mitophagy. Our findings support an association between mechanical stimulation and the oxidative profile of stem cells, which may shed light on the mechanical guidance of stem cell maintenance and commitment, and lay a molecular foundation for periodontal tissue regeneration. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Mechanical force induces mitophagy-mediated anaerobic oxidation in periodontal ligament stem cells

Zhang

Cui

et al. 2023

Cell Mol Biol Lett

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“…For instance, proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) are produced by periodontal ligament cells on orthodontic mechanical force application and also when stimulated by the lipopolysaccharide of P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans (68)(69)(70). Additionally, activation of key orthodontic bone remodeling pathway of receptor activator of nuclear factor -κB (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL) is modulated both by mechanical and bacterial stressors (71,72). Thus, expression of many of the biological mediators of orthodontic tooth movement can be potentiated by interactions between the orthodontically applied mechanical force and microbiome physiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Orthodontic Appliances on the Oral Environment and Microbiome

Mulimani

Popowics

2022

Front. Dent. Med

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Orthodontic treatment is an appliance-intensive endeavor, where an array of mechanical devices is used to bring about tooth movement. By virtue of remaining in close proximity to the enamel, gingiva and periodontal ligament intra-orally over a prolonged period of time, orthodontic appliances have a significant impact on the paradental tissues, oral environment and oral microbiome. Orthodontic appliances by acting as anchors for biofilm and plaque formation, accumulate bacteria and other micro-organisms in amounts unfavorable for maintenance of healthy equilibrium. The resulting loss of balance in the oral microbiome causes dysbiosis which manifests clinically as increased enamel demineralization, dental caries and periodontal disease. Mechanical removal of the accumulated plaque by maintaining rigorous oral hygiene has been proven to be the single most important factor to mitigate the harmful effects of dysbiosis. This review investigates how each of the various components of the orthodontic appliances, different types of appliances and unique surface properties of biomaterials have contributory effects at the interface of orthodontic biomaterials and oral biology. The information thus obtained will be critical in instituting the best diagnostic and therapeutic measures at the clinical level. It will also be instrumental in devising improvements and providing new directions for future research in general and precision orthodontics in particular.

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“…At the same time, some researchers pointed out that periodontal tissue produces NO under the action of orthodontic force. The precursor of NO accelerates OTM in rats and increases the number of osteoclasts and Howship's lacuna in the compression area, whereas NOS inhibitors that suppress NO production reduce OTM [6][7][8]. As a result, NO also has a significant impact on OTM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force-Induced Nitric Oxide Promotes Osteogenic Activity during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice

Sun

Lin

et al. 2022

Stem Cells International

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Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on orthodontic tooth movement and the regulatory effect on bone formation. Design. A mouse orthodontic tooth movement model was established to measure the level of releasing NO. Besides, orthodontic tooth movement distance and the bone formation in the tension side of the orthodontic tooth were also analyzed. In vitro, human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were cultured under tensile force stimulation. The production of NO and the expression level of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were detected after mechanical stimulation. Furthermore, the downstream cellular signaling pathway regulated by NO was also explored. Results. The generation of NO steadily increased throughout the orthodontic tooth movement in mice. Orthodontic tooth movement was decreased in the NOS inhibitor group while it was accelerated in the NO precursor group. Force-induced NO promoted the osteogenic differentiation of human hPDLSCs under tensile force stimulation. And force-induced NO in hPDLSCs regulated the PI3K/Akt/β-catenin signal pathway. Conclusion. NO is involved in the regulation of orthodontic tooth movement and promotes bone formation on the tension side of the orthodontic tooth. The PI3K/Akt/β-catenin pathway is one of the downstream cell signal transduction pathways of NO in the orthodontic process.

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Effects of mechanical strain on periodontal ligament fibroblasts in presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lysate

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Mechanical force induces mitophagy-mediated anaerobic oxidation in periodontal ligament stem cells

Mechanical force induces mitophagy-mediated anaerobic oxidation in periodontal ligament stem cells

Effect of Orthodontic Appliances on the Oral Environment and Microbiome

Force-Induced Nitric Oxide Promotes Osteogenic Activity during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice

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