Effects of Meteorological Variability on Sonic Boom Propagation from Hypersonic Aircraft

Loubeau, Alexandra; Coulouvrat, François

doi:10.2514/1.41337

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The numerical procedure of coupling near-field computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and far-field acoustical ray propagation is established for long sonic booms from supersonic aircraft [17,18]. It has been used successfully for designing lowboom supersonic small-size aircraft [19] with flight-test validation [20], for hypersonic aircraft projects [21], or for statistical analysis of the influence of meteorological variability [22]. However, it has never been applied, to our knowledge, to highly hypersonic meteoroid atmospheric entries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Sonic Boom from Hypersonic Meteoroids

2015

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Meteoroids entering the Earth atmosphere at high hypersonic velocities are sources of sonic booms that are recorded as infrasound signals at the ground level. The boom pressure field is simulated by solving Euler equations for a spherical meteoroid. The numerical challenge is to capture the acoustical regime of weak shock waves in the very far field at several hundreds or thousands times the meteoroid diameter. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are then matched to nonlinear geometrical acoustics for long-range atmospheric propagation down to the ground. The numerical process is validated through comparison with an analytical model, considering for perfect gases the meteoroid as a line source of strong shock in the near field, matched to a weak shock N-wave in the far field. Compared with a perfect gas, real gas effects at thermochemical equilibrium induce a reduced amplitude at the source, along with a shorter signal duration at the ground level. Simulations are illustrated for the well-documented Carancas meteorite that impacted on Peru in 2007. Nomenclaturesound velocity, m∕s D = meteoroid diameter, m E 0 = source energy per length unit, J∕m M = v∕c 0 meteoroid Mach number p = pressure, Pa p 0 = atmospheric pressure, Pa R = radial trajectory distance, m R 0 = E 0 ∕p 0 p blast radius, m t = time, s v = meteoroid velocity, m∕s x = axial trajectory distance, m α = meteoroid trajectory azimuth angle relative to north and clockwise, deg β = meteoroid trajectory deflection angle relative to the horizontal plan, deg (0 deg no entry, 90 deg vertical fall) γ= ratio of specific heats c p ∕c v Δp = p − p 0 , overpressure, Pa ρ 0 = atmospheric density, kg∕m 3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Sonic Boom from Hypersonic Meteoroids

2015

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“…The classical viscous Burgers equation [4] was first considered for wave propagation in a lossy medium. Successive generalizations included other effects such as geometrical spreading and inhomogeneous mediums [5,11,20] or relaxation processes [22,23]. All those phenomena were taken into account in the augmented Burgers equation, initially developed by Cleveland [7] and then adopted by Rallabhandi [25,26].…”

Section: Introduction and Main Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semi-discrete large-time behavior preserving scheme for the augmented Burgers equation

Ignat

Pozo

2017

ESAIM: M2AN

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Abstract.In this paper we analyze the large-time behavior of the augmented Burgers equation. We first study the well-posedness of the Cauchy problem and obtain L 1 -L p decay rates. The asymptotic behavior of the solution is obtained by showing that the influence of the convolution term K * uxx is the same as uxx for large times. Then, we propose a semi-discrete numerical scheme that preserves this asymptotic behavior, by introducing two correcting factors in the discretization of the non-local term. Numerical experiments illustrating the accuracy of the results of the paper are also presented.

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“…Numerical simulation is based on a process already described and validated in Ref. 37. Sonic boom is computed through a ray tracing approach.…”

Section: Application To Sonic Boommentioning

confidence: 99%

Sound, infrasound, and sonic boom absorption by atmospheric clouds

Baudoin

Coulouvrat

Thomas

2011

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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This study quantifies the influence of atmospheric clouds on propagation of sound and infrasound, based on an existing model [Gubaidulin and Nigmatulin, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 26, 207-228 (2000)]. Clouds are considered as a dilute and polydisperse suspension of liquid water droplets within a mixture of dry air and water vapor, both considered as perfect gases. The model is limited to low and medium altitude clouds, with a small ice content. Four physical mechanisms are taken into account: viscoinertial effects, heat transfer, water phase changes (evaporation and condensation), and vapor diffusion. Physical properties of atmospheric clouds (altitude, thickness, water content and droplet size distribution) are collected, along with values of the thermodynamical coefficients. Different types of clouds have been selected. Quantitative evaluation shows that, for low audible and infrasound frequencies, absorption within clouds is several orders of magnitude larger than classical absorption. The importance of phase changes and vapor diffusion is outlined. Finally, numerical simulations for nonlinear propagation of sonic booms indicate that, for thick clouds, attenuation can lead to a very large decay of the boom at the ground level.

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Effects of Meteorological Variability on Sonic Boom Propagation from Hypersonic Aircraft

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Numerical Simulation of Sonic Boom from Hypersonic Meteoroids

Numerical Simulation of Sonic Boom from Hypersonic Meteoroids

A semi-discrete large-time behavior preserving scheme for the augmented Burgers equation

Sound, infrasound, and sonic boom absorption by atmospheric clouds

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