Effects of Methylenediphenyl 4,4’-Diisocyanate and Maleic Anhydride as Coupling Agents on the Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polybutylene Succinate/Wood Flour Biocomposites by Reactive Extrusion

Seo, Young-Rok; Bae, Sang-U; Gwon, Jaegyoung; Wu, Qinglin; Kim, Birm‐June

doi:10.3390/ma13071660

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…MAPE was also selected as it is one of the most widely used additives, e.g. coupling agent, for increasing the compatibility, adhesion between cellulose bers and a thermoplastic matrix (Seo et al 2020). The coupling reaction between the cellulose ber and the MAPE is exposed in Scheme 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting of poly(stearyl acrylate) on cellulose fiber as 3D-printable HDPE composites

Barba

Mietner

Navarro

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper aimed to produce a bio-based filament, suitable for 3d printing (Fused Deposition Modeling), made of surface modified cellulose fiber and high density polyethylene. The cellulose fiber (CF) were first surface modified and transformed into a CF-based macroinitiator through an esterification reaction with the 2-Bromoisobutyric acid. We finally study the ability of this CF-based macroinitiator to initiate a Single Electron Transfer-Living Radical Polymerization (SET-LRP) with an hydrophobic monomer: the stearyl acrylate. The grafting of poly(stearly acrylate) onto the cellulose fiber is strongly increasing the adhesion, compatibility of the modified fiber with the hydrophobic host matrix (HDPE). Finally, the resulting hydrophobic fibers were extruded with the high density polyethylene (HDPE) through a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, yielding a bio-based filament suitable for FDM 3d printing. The successful surface modifications, such as the correct incorporation of the modified fiber into the thermoplastic matrix, were characterized through ATR-FTIR, 13C CP-MAS NMR, FE-SEM, and mechanical testing. Throughout those characterization techniques, it could be concluded that this surface modification significantly improves the compatibility of the fibers with HDPE. Finally, the 3D printing properties of the composite were tested and compared to those of pure HDPE through the 3d printing of simples objects. It was concluded that the printability of the composite made with poly(stearyl acrylate)-grafted cellulose overcome the problem (shrinkage, warpage, print fidelity) meet with the printing of pure HDPE.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafting of poly(stearyl acrylate) on cellulose fiber as 3D-printable HDPE composites

Barba

Mietner

Navarro

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The strength enhancement was due to the chemical reaction between coupling agents and raw materials, which decreased the content of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups on the wood surface, due to the grafting reaction with the silane of KH550, generating Si-O-C bonds [ 22 ]. Urethane bonds were formed by the reaction between the isocyanate groups of MDI and the hydroxyl groups of wood and plastics [ 24 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the A171-treated samples had a higher bonding strength than KH550-treated samples. Previous studies have demonstrated that methylenediphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate (MDI) as a WPC coupling agent enhanced the mechanical properties due to the formation of stable urethane bonds between the isocyanate groups of MDI and the hydroxyl groups of wood [ 23 , 24 ]. Maleic anhydride is also an effective coupling agent for WPCs [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Coupling Agent and Thermoplastic on the Interfacial Bond Strength and the Mechanical Properties of Oriented Wood Strand–Thermoplastic Composites

Shen

Liu

et al. 2021

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wood–plastic composites (WPC) with good mechanical and physical properties are desirable products for manufacturers and customers, and interfacial bond strength is one of the most critical factors affecting WPC performance. To verify that a higher interfacial bond strength between wood and thermoplastics improves WPC performance, wood veneer–thermoplastic composites (VPC) and oriented strand–thermoplastic composites (OSPC) were fabricated using hot pressing. The effects of the coupling agent (KH550 or MDI) and the thermoplastic (LDPE, HDPE, PP, or PVC) on the interfacial bond strength of VPC, and the mechanical and physical properties of OSPC, were investigated. The results showed that coupling agents KH550 and MDI improved the interfacial bond strength between wood and thermoplastics under dry conditions. MDI was better than KH550 at improving the interfacial bond strength and the mechanical properties of OSPC. Better interfacial bonding between plastic and wood improved the OSPC performance. The OSPC fabricated using PVC film as the thermoplastic and MDI as the coupling agent displayed the highest mechanical properties, with a modulus of rupture of 91.9 MPa, a modulus of elasticity of 10.9 GPa, and a thickness swelling of 2.4%. PVC and MDI are recommended to fabricate WPCs with desirable performance for general applications.

show abstract

“…13 One of the most widely used modifications, due to its ease, is the use of coupling agents as a way of improving matrix-fiber adherence. [14][15][16] For example, the incorporation of coupling agents of methylene 4,4 0 diphenyl diisocyanate and maleic anhydride in the polylactic acid/ polybutylene succinate/wood flour matrix, to improve the mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the biocomposite. 16 Aguero et al 5 used silanization, and extrusion reactive to improve the compatibility of PLA and short flaxseed fiber, by twin-screw extrusion, to improve the mechanical properties of the injectionmolded pieces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14][15][16] For example, the incorporation of coupling agents of methylene 4,4 0 diphenyl diisocyanate and maleic anhydride in the polylactic acid/ polybutylene succinate/wood flour matrix, to improve the mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the biocomposite. 16 Aguero et al 5 used silanization, and extrusion reactive to improve the compatibility of PLA and short flaxseed fiber, by twin-screw extrusion, to improve the mechanical properties of the injectionmolded pieces. Qian et al 17 used the Maleic Anhydride as a compatibilizer to improve the interfacial interaction of Poly (lactic acid)/Bamboo Particles biocomposites to obtain better mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pretreated sugarcane bagasse fiber by steam explosion, soaking with caustic soda, and addition of coupling agent into polylactic acid biocomposites

Vázquez

Uribe

García-Enriquez

et al. 2022

Journal of Composite Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biocomposites containing natural fibers waste have gained the attention of researchers due to their biodegradability and suitability for several applications in different industries. In this study, sugarcane bagasse fibers waste was treated by digestion with NaOH and steam explosion to the previous soaking with NaOH, and their impregnation with 1% maleated polyethylene was used as reinforcement in poly (lactic acid) matrix composites. Surface morphological changes were observed with scanning electron microscopy due to fiber treatment/MAPE in the PLA matrix. The biocomposites with MAPE improved Young’s modulus, but the strength tensile was reduced. Flexural modulus of biocomposites shows a considerable increase with MAPE, for biocomposites of 10% and 20% of bagasse the values are circa 8000 MPa regarding the 3500 MPa from PLA. These increases in the properties are ascribed to the improved interfacial interaction of the modified sugarcane bagasse fibers into the PLA. The analysis of TGA shows that incorporation of fiber with and without treatment and MAPE improved the thermal stability. By adding fiber into the biocomposites, the loss modulus peak becomes wider, this means that adhesion of the matrix and the fiber were improved. The X-ray diffraction graph shows an increase in the crystallinity of the biocomposites after the treatment and the addition of MAPE compared to the matrix of PLA.

show abstract

Effects of Methylenediphenyl 4,4’-Diisocyanate and Maleic Anhydride as Coupling Agents on the Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polybutylene Succinate/Wood Flour Biocomposites by Reactive Extrusion

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Grafting of poly(stearyl acrylate) on cellulose fiber as 3D-printable HDPE composites

Grafting of poly(stearyl acrylate) on cellulose fiber as 3D-printable HDPE composites

Effects of Coupling Agent and Thermoplastic on the Interfacial Bond Strength and the Mechanical Properties of Oriented Wood Strand–Thermoplastic Composites

Influence of pretreated sugarcane bagasse fiber by steam explosion, soaking with caustic soda, and addition of coupling agent into polylactic acid biocomposites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About