Effects of Micro-Alloying Elements on Microstructure, Element Distribution and Mechanical Properties in Gray Irons

Lian, Xintong; Zhu, Jianan; Han, Dong; Wang, Y. M.; Liu, J. D.

doi:10.1007/s40962-019-00402-4

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The concentration of the Cr and V atoms was 0.7 at.% and 0.4 at.%, respectively, and much larger than that of the matrix, as shown in Figure 6b. Based on the previous study, Cr and V can replace Fe in the form of a solid solution state [36]. Therefore in our study, the addition of alloying elements usually promoted the formation of alloying cementite (Fe, M) 3 C (M=Cr, V), by which the stability increased.…”

Section: Distribution Of Cr and Vmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…In summary, the addition of RE achieved three goals in CGI alloyed by RE alloying: deoxidization and desulfurization, promoting graphite nucleation, and inhibiting the harmful effects of the interfering elements. Firstly, a small amount of RE in the molten iron quickly interacted with the oxygen and sulfur to form fine sulfides and oxides [22,36]. For another, the formation of RE inclusions provided a large number of heterogeneous nucleation sites for the graphitization of the cast iron, greatly increasing the number of graphite nodules and facilitating the diffusion of the carbon in iron into the graphite nodules.…”

Section: Distribution Of Re Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure, Inclusions, and Elemental Distribution of a Compacted Graphite Iron Alloyed by Ce and La Rare Earth (RE) Elements

Fan

Zhu

Lian

et al. 2022

Metals

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This work investigates the microstructure and inclusions of a compacted graphite iron (CGI) alloyed by Ce and La rare earth (RE) elements. In our study, alloying elemental distribution and solute segregation were characterized by methods of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and a three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. RE sulfide, MgS, carbide, and composite inclusions formed during solidification and provided heterogeneous nucleation cores for the nucleation of the graphite. Significant solute clustering in the matrix, coupled with the segregation of solute to grain boundaries, was observed. C, Mn, Cr, and V were soluted in cementite and promoted the precipitation of cementite, while Si was found to be soluted in ferrite. Cu is usually distributed uniformly in ferrite, but some Cu-rich atom clusters were observed to segregate towards the interface between the ferrite and cementite, stabilizing the pearlite. In addition, P, as a segregation element, was enriched along the boundaries continuously. The RE elements participated in the formation of inclusions, consuming harmful elements such as As and P, and also promoted the heterogeneous nucleation of the graphite and segregated, in the form of solute atoms, at its interfaces.

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Section: Distribution Of Cr and Vmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Distribution Of Re Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Inclusions, and Elemental Distribution of a Compacted Graphite Iron Alloyed by Ce and La Rare Earth (RE) Elements

Fan

Zhu

Lian

et al. 2022

Metals

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“…The chemical composition is simply determined by the carbon equivalent (CE) or degree of saturation (Sc) [13].…”

Section: Quality Evaluation Of Gray Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Metallurgical Quality of Cast Iron Using Quality Criteria

Futáš¹,

Pribulová²

2024

Extraction Metallurgy - New Perspectives

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The metallurgical quality of the produced cast iron is related to its chemical composition (mainly the content of C, Si, Mn, P, and S), or other monitored elements—alloying elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, …), in some cases showing elements (Pb, Sn, As, Sb, …). The chemical composition of cast iron is determined by the degree of saturation (Sc) or carbon equivalent (CE). Other factors influencing the quality of cast iron are the metallurgical conditions of production (melting and treatment) of cast iron and the rate of solidification in the mold. The mechanical properties of cast iron (Rm, HB, and E0) are closely related to its chemical composition. In addition to this common evaluation of cast iron, other quality criteria of gray cast iron are also used in practice. This is a comparison of the mechanical properties of the produced gray cast iron with the optimal values determined for the same degree of saturation (Sc). This chapter concerns assessments of the metallurgical quality of gray cast iron and the results of operational melting of synthetic gray cast iron with different charge compositions in the Slovak Foundry and its analysis.

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“…Rare earth atoms tended to segregate at the grain boundaries or defects, resulting in blocking of diffusion paths and inhibiting the diffusion of atoms and thermal activation [23][24][25]. The phase transformation of bainite was accompanied by the movement of iron atoms and substitution atoms, which was a transition process of non-synergistic thermal activation at the interface.…”

Section: Microstructure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ce on inclusion, microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-killed high-strength steel

Huang

Ruo-yu

2023

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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The effect of Ce on inclusion evolution in the Al-killed high-strength steel is investigated through experimental observations and thermodynamic calculations. The microstructures are analysed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscope (OM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis. Mechanical properties tests are carried out to study the effect of Ce on the tensile and impact properties. The results show that after Ce treatment, the typical inclusions are modified from Al 2 O 3 inclusions and Al 2 O 3 +MnS complex inclusions to Ce-O-S inclusions, and the inclusions are refined. The area fraction, size and length/width ratio of martensite-austenite (M-A) constituents decrease with the addition of Ce. In the Ce-containing steel, the grains are finer, and the proportion of high angle grain boundaries and low-Σ coincidence site lattice boundaries is higher. Ce can improve the plasticity and impact toughness of the steel while maintaining high strength.

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Effects of Micro-Alloying Elements on Microstructure, Element Distribution and Mechanical Properties in Gray Irons

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Microstructure, Inclusions, and Elemental Distribution of a Compacted Graphite Iron Alloyed by Ce and La Rare Earth (RE) Elements

Microstructure, Inclusions, and Elemental Distribution of a Compacted Graphite Iron Alloyed by Ce and La Rare Earth (RE) Elements

Evaluation of Metallurgical Quality of Cast Iron Using Quality Criteria

Effect of Ce on inclusion, microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-killed high-strength steel

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